Upper Airway I Flashcards
how is the nasal cavity kept patent
by its bony and cartilaginous framework
waht does each cavity of the nasal cavity consist of
roof,
floor,
medial wall,
lateral wall
what are the three regions of the nasal cavities
1) nasal vestibule
2) respiratory region
3) olfactory region
what organs does the oral cavity contain
lips
tongue
teeth
salivary glands
what are the specific functions of the oral cavity
ingestion, sensory reception (taste), mechanical processing (tongue, teeth, cheeks), lubrication (mucosa + salivary glands), digestion, protection (tonsils)
important structures within the oral cavity
tongue
lips
hard + soft palate
uvula
geniohyoid mylohyoid
cheeks
glands
the oral mucosa is a ________________ epithelium that protects against abrasive actions resulting from mechanical processing and bulk transport
stratified squamous epithelium
similarly to the skin, ____________ is extra protection on dorsum of tongue and hard palate
keratinized
- stratified simple squamous
what are the different types of glands (3)
1) parotid
2) submandibular
3) sublingual
- produce serous secretion containing salivary enzyme to start carb digestion
parotid glands
secretes buffer, mucins, and lysozymes
lies along inner surface of manible
ducts empty on either side of tongue
submandibular glands
secretes buffer, mucins, and lysozymes
lies in flood of mouth (under tongue)
ducts empty on either side of tongue
sublingual
what are the functions of saliva
lubricate oral surfaces, moisten food, dissolve chemicals to stimulate taste buds, start digestion of carbs, pH buffering, lysozymes, neuronal control in meduall (CNV mastication), CN VII, IX, X (taste buds), CN I (smell), CN 2 (vision), parasympathetic stimulation increases output
primary teeth appear around ____ months of age
6 months
secondary teeth appear around ____ years of age
4
where are teeth embedded into
alveolar sockets of maxilarry and mandibular bones
what joint cartilage is holding teeth in place
periodontal ligament
normal adult teeth (32)
central incisors, lateral incisors, canines, 1st-2nd premolars, 1st-3rd molars [wisdom teeth]
what are the three parts to a tooth
crown
neck
root
what is the dentin
the inner bulk of the crown, neck, and root
______ refers to the relationship formed by mandible, maxilla, and dentition
occlusion
enamel continues over root surface as _____
cementum
total root surface ensures stability in the _______ socket
alveolar
T/F occlusions affect speech production
true
normal occlusion
neutroclusion
overbite
distoclusion
underbite
mesoclusion
swallowing requires _______ and _________ movements of both intrinsic and extrinsic muscles
coordinated and reflexive
https://quizlet.com/108277391/unit-4-intrinsic-and-extrinsic-muscles-of-the-tongue-and-anatomy-of-the-tongue-flash-cards/
intrinsic + extrinsic muscles of tongue
tonsils are a circle of immune defense at the opening to the __________
pharyngeal tube
(Adenoids) roof of nasopharynx
pharyngeal tonsils
(tonsils) lateral position between pillars on each side of oral cavity
palatine tonsils
midline location
lingual tongue
near opening of eustachian tube
tubal tonsils
lymphatic system: robust immune defense
- what are the lymphatic rings
Waldeyer’s Ring
paranasal sinuses resonating to affect phonation
hollow spaces in 4 of our facial/cranial bones
all lined with mucous (continuous with pharyngeal spaces)
drain into pharyngeal spaces via narrow ducts = become blocked with inflammation
what are the 4 paranasal sinuses
frontal, ethmoid, maxillary, sphenoid
what is the soft palate
boundary between oral & nasal cavity
prevents reflux of food/water into nasopharynx during swallowing
prevents reflux of air into nasal cavity during phonation
what are the muscles of the soft palate
tensor veli palatini muscle
levator veli palatini muscle
palatopharyngeus muscle
what is the pharynx shared with
respiratory and digestive systems
what are the 4 constrictor muscles capable of peristaltic contraction [in the pharynx]
superior
middle
inferior
cricopharyngeus
where is the pharynx suspended from
based of skull, mandible and hyoid bone
- pharynx lifts during swallowing to help close epiglottis
what are the division of the pharynx
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
what is the insertion of the muscles of the pharynx
median raphe
what are the accessory muscles of the pharynx
1) stylopharyngeus
2) salpingopharyngeus
what does the stylopharyngeus do
elevates pharynx
what does the salpingopharyngeus do
opens eustachian tube during swallowing
what is peristalisis
bolus pushed by sequential contraction of circular fibers
amount of travel assisted by shortening (cause contraction of long. fibers)
- NOT the same as segmentation that occurs in intestines
