Laryngeal System Flashcards
what is the laryngeal system
voice box
what does the laryngeal system do
allows phonation AND prevents contamination of lower airway by ingested food/drink
what is phonation (sound production) controlled by
intrinisic muscles that move the laryngeal cartilages
what is the mechanical structure of laryngeal system
cartilage
what are the 3 individual cartilages
1) thyroid cartilage
2) cricoid cartilage
3) epiglottis
what are the 3 paired cartilages
1) arytenoid cartilages
2) corniculate cartilages
3) cuneiform cartilage
what is the most important cartilage for phonation
arytenoid cartilage
what do the arytenoids / corniculate cartilages do
regulate vocal cord tension for speech and aids in closing the larynx for swallowing
what do the cuneiform cartilages do
stiffen soft tissue in this region
thyroid & cricoid cartilage do what
protect the larynx
what does the movement of thyroid and arytenoid cartilages do relative to the cricoid cartilage
control phonation and the pitch of that phonation
what are the small intrinsic muscles that act as manipulators of cartilage movements
posterior cricoarytenoid
lateral cricoarytenoid
cricothyroid
posterior cricoarytenoid is the primary _______
abductor
lateral cricoarytenoid is the primary ______
adductor
what does the cricothyroid do
tilts thyroid to adjust tension
what are the secondary intrinsic muscles
a) transvere and oblique arytenoid muscles
b) vocalis and thyroarytenoid muscles
what do the secondary intrinsic muscles do
fine tine the primary abductor/adductors
control abduction and adduction of vocal cords and tension on these cords are important for phonation because of its _______
rocking and increasing length
- also intrinsic muscles support movement of the laryngeal opening and the epiglottis
_______ and ___________ muscles help depress epiglottis to protect airway from ingested food/water
aryepiglottic and thryoepiglottic
review intrinsic muscles of larynx
1) superior laryngeal nerve
- sensory innervation above cords
- motor of cricothyroid
2) recurrent laryngeal nerve
- sensory innervation below glottis
- motor of all other muscles
(especially important for intrinsic muscles)
two branches of CN X that innervate structures of the larynx
what has to happen for sound to be created?
tightly adduct VF
traveling wave - source of phonation
what determines pitch (frequency)
adjusting tension
- stretch = increase stiffness/increase pitch
what determines amplitude (loudness)
increased subglottic pressure
- what do you do to yell at kiddos
