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AP Psych > Unit VI - Developmental Psychology > Flashcards

Unit VI - Developmental Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Nature vs Nurture

A

how much a person’s characteristics are formed by either “nature” or “nurture”

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2
Q

Stability vs Change

A

many characteristics are present in early childhood

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3
Q

Continuity vs Stages

A

development or changes are either gradual or in stages

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4
Q

Correct Order of Fetus, Zygote, Embryo

A

Zygote, Embryo, Fetus

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5
Q

Teratogens

A

substances that damage the process of fetal development

ex. alcohol and drugs

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6
Q

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)

A

birth defects that can occur in a person who was exposed to alcohol in the womb

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7
Q

Rooting

A

an automatic response of the head due to stimulation of face, mouth, or check by touching/stroking

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8
Q

Sucking

A

an automatic response of a newborn

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9
Q

Grasping

A

an infant clinging to a hand

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10
Q

Puberty

A

time of life when a child experiences physical and hormonal changes transitioning them into adulthood

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11
Q

Primary Sex Characteristics

A

directly involved in reproduction

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12
Q

Secondary Sex Characteristics

A

features not directly involved with reproduction

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13
Q

Sensorimotor Stage

A

use of senses and motor abilities to learn about the world/interact with objects

0-2 years

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14
Q

Object Permanence

A

aware that objects are still there when not seen

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15
Q

Preoperational Stage

A

learning language to explore the world, but aren’t capable of logical thought

2-7 years

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16
Q

Egocentrism

A

self-centered

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17
Q

Concrete Operations Stage

A

become capable of logical thought

7-11 years

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18
Q

Conservation

A

knowing that an object doesn’t change if it’s altered

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19
Q

Formal Operations Stage

A

becomes capable of abstract thinking

adolescence - adulthood

20
Q

Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)

A

difference between what a child can do and what the child can do with help from a teacher

21
Q

Scaffolding

A

a smarter person helps a dumber person

22
Q

Postconventional

A

person moves beyond the perspective of his/her own society

23
Q

Conventional

A

person judging the morality of actions by comparing them to society’s views/expectations

24
Q

Preconventional

A

morality is uncontrolled

25
Q

What was psychologist Carol Gilligan’s main issue with Kohlberg’s theory?

A

she believed that theory was biased against women

26
Q

What were the results of Harlow’s experiment? What does this tell us about attachment?

A

it states that a mother’s love is not physical, but emotional. it told us that the younger the child, the more crucial need for comfort

27
Q

Secure Attachment

A

children who show some distress when mother leaves but are able to compose themselves quickly when mother comes back

28
Q

Insecure Attachment

A

lack of trust and comfort in mother

29
Q

Authoritarian

A

the “military” dad and “tiger” mom

30
Q

Authoritative

A

the “best” parenting style

31
Q

Permissive

A

the “best friend” parent

32
Q

Trust vs Mistrust

A

learn to trust their mother will meet their needs

0-1 years

33
Q

Autonomy vs Doubt

A

focus on developing self-control

1-2 years

34
Q

Initiative vs Guilt

A

sense of purpose and develop leadership skills, failure leads to guilt

3-5 years

35
Q

Industry vs Inferiority

A

develop a sense of pride in accomplishments

6-puberty

36
Q

Identity vs Role Confusion

A

develop a sense of self and identity

teen-20s

37
Q

Intimacy vs Isolation

A

physical abilities peak

20s-40s

38
Q

Generativity vs Stagnation

A

physical abilities decline, decline in fertility

40s-60s

39
Q

Ego Integrity vs Despair

A

senses deline

60s and up

40
Q

Gender Roles

A

how we’re expected to act, speak, etc based on sex

41
Q

Gender

A

socially constructed characteristics of men and women

42
Q

Gender Identity

A

internal experience of gender

43
Q

Gender Schema

A

how people perceive how genders should act

44
Q

Gender-Role Stereotypes

A

roles that are socially assigned to men or women

45
Q

Stereotype Threat

A

risk of confirming negative stereotypes about race, gender, etc

AP Psych (6 decks)

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