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AP Psych > Unit II - Biological Psychology > Flashcards

Unit II - Biological Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Biological Psychologist

A

researches brain functions to understand behavior

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2
Q

Chromosomes

A
  • thread-like structures
  • made of protein
  • a single molecule of DNA
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3
Q

DNA

A
  • nucleic acid
  • contains genetic instruction
  • used for development and functioning
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4
Q

Genes

A
  • basic unit
  • genetic info is stored and passed between generations
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5
Q

Natural Selection

A
  • Charles Darwin
  • process in which competition, disease, and climate eliminate weak
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6
Q

Mutations

A

permanent change in genetics

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7
Q

Behavior Genetics

A

genetic variation affects traits

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8
Q

Twin Studies

A

studies conducted on twins

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9
Q

Endocrine System

A

glands that produce hormones

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10
Q

Hormone

A

chemical messengers that influence nervous system to regulate behavior

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11
Q

Pineal Gland

A

regulates body’s circadian rhythm

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12
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

regulates vital body functions/general well-being

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13
Q

Adrenal Gland

A

regulates metabolism, immune system, blood pressure

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14
Q

Hypothalamus

A
  • contains nuclei
  • automatic functions
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15
Q

Spinal Cord

A

connects our brian to body

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16
Q

Spinal Reflex

A

simple behaviors in spinal cord

17
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

voluntary control of body movement

18
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

regulates involuntary body movements

19
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

fight-or-flight response

20
Q

Fight or Flight

A

automatic reaction to stressful event

21
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A
  • network of nerves
  • relaxes body after stress
22
Q

Nucleus

A
  • individual cells
  • basic building block of nervous system
23
Q

Cell Body / Soma

A

contains neurons and chemical machinery

24
Q

Dendrites

A
  • branch-like structures
  • receives info from other neurons
25
Q

Myelin Sheath

A
  • fatty substance
  • covers axon
  • helps insulate
  • protects and speeds up process
26
Q

Node of Ranvier

A

short regions between axon covered by myelin sheath

27
Q

Axon

A
  • tube-like structures
  • carries neural message away from soma to other cells
28
Q

Axon Terminal

A
  • small knobs
  • produce neurotransmitters
29
Q

Schwann Cell

A
  • glial cell that surrounds neurons
30
Q

Action Potential

A

brief shift in neuron’s charge that travels along axon

31
Q

Stimulus Threshold

A

minimum intensity required from stimulus to produce a response

32
Q

All-or-None Law

A

100% or 0%

33
Q

Resting Potential

A

neuron’s state when it isn’t firing

34
Q

Synapse

A

junction where info is transmitted from one neuron to another

35
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

chemical messanger

36
Q

Reuptake

A

neurotransmitters in synapse are reabsorbed

37
Q
A

AP Psych (6 decks)

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