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AP government > unit one test > Flashcards

unit one test Flashcards

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1
Q

advice and consent

A

power of the United States Senate to be consulted on and approve treaties signed and appointments made by the President of the United States to public positions

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2
Q

anti federalists

A

opponents to the constitution, wanted a government like under the articles. Patrick henry and george mason

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3
Q

articles of confederation

A

a series of statements that defined the initial national government and redefined the former colonies as states. A weak system of government

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4
Q

Bicameralism

A

two body legislature, house and senate

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5
Q

bill of rights

A

many concerns complied into amendments, ratified by 1791

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6
Q

checks and balences

A

each branch having unique powers and each being able to block the other

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7
Q

commerce clause

A

congress can regulate interstate commerce

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8
Q

Great compromise (connetitcut)

A

Two house congress with a house of reps for population and a senate for equal representation, each state gets two reps

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9
Q

declaration of independence

A

an official statement from the colonists to justify their break from Britain and their reasons for independence

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10
Q

domestic policy

A

within a nation

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11
Q

enumerate powers

A

written, expressed, delegated

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12
Q

federalist papers

A

85 essays written to promote the constitution to reassure the citizens that they created a federal system

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13
Q

federalism

A

balance of power among a central, national authority and state or regional authorities

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14
Q

federalists

A

people in favor of the constitution

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15
Q

framers

A

who wrote the constitution,

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16
Q

foreign policy

A

outside of the country

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17
Q

house of representatives

A

part of the legislative branch, representation based off of population

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18
Q

james madison

A

went to the constitutional convention

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19
Q

john locke

A

enlightenment thinker, argued that natural law is the law of god, and under natural law people were born free and equal

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20
Q

judicial review

A

the power of federal courts to uphold or declare acts of the government unconstitutional
informal amendment

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21
Q

Marbury v ,Madison (1803)

A

established judicial review, people assigned to serve as commissioners, never got delivered, next president canceled their positions

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22
Q

national supremacy

A

when state and national government conflict, national government always wins

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23
Q

natural law

A

law of god, people born free and equal

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24
Q

necessary and proper (elastic) clause

A

congress shall have the power to make all laws which are necessary and proper for executing their given powers

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25
Q

new jersey plan

A

states have sovereignty, national legislature limited and defined powers, no courts

26
Q

political science

A

asks two questions, who governs and to what ends

27
Q

popular sovereignty

A

the people are the ultimate ruling authority

28
Q

preamble

A

mission statement beginning with we the people, outlines the purposes of the new government

29
Q

Representative republic

A

democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people

30
Q

reserved powers

A

specifically reserved to the states

31
Q

senate

A

part of legislative branch by which every state is represented by two representatives

32
Q

separation of powers

A

the distinct responsibilities and limits of each branch to keep any one branch from becoming too powerful

33
Q

shays rebellion

A

nine months, farmers lost their farms to debt. Started rebellion, burned governors house, had to hire mercenaries to take down the rebellion. Ultimate proof of how weak the central government was

34
Q

social contract

A

treatise by jean jacques rousseau, man was born free and everywhere else he is in chains

35
Q

supremacy clause

A

constitution and laws of the united states shall be the law of the land

36
Q

Virginia plan

A

Edmund ralph introduce, three branch gov, bicameral legislature. seperation of powers

37
Q

why did the framers mistrust direct democracy

A

directed by the people, on large scale it isnt efficient, the common citizen didnt have the time care or education to influence the government in a positive way

38
Q

What was the result of the great compromise

A

a two house legislature of the house of rep and senate to represent the large populated states and the small states

39
Q

what was the significance of judicial review

A

the judicial branch now had a lot more power, they could uphold or declare acts of the government unconstitutional

40
Q

Right after independence what type of government was created

A

confederate, articles of confederation. the states help the power

41
Q

democracy

A

demo- people
cracy- rule
a government consisting of elected officials who represent citizens and make public policies on their behalf

42
Q

government

A

institutions where a society makes and enforces its public policies

43
Q

politics

A

who gets what, when, and why

44
Q

public policies

A

all of the goals a government sets to accomplish and the various actions it persues to realize these goals

45
Q

how many amendments

A

27

46
Q

What are the informal methods to amend the constitution

A

congress propose an amendment with 2/3 vote in each house

then to ratify 3/4 state legislature must agree or 3/4 of state convention

47
Q

articles of confederation weaknesses

A

no power to regulate interstate commerce
no taxation power
no national military
no national judiciary

48
Q

concurrent powers

A

powers held by both federal and state governments

49
Q

cooperative federalism

fiscal federalism

A

the process of congress collecting federal tax revenues and distributing them to states in order for the states to take care of particular national concerns

50
Q

delegated powers

A

specifically written expressed powers

51
Q

duel federalism

A

power is divided between the federal and state governments in clearly defined terms, with state governments exercising those powers accorded to them without interference from the federal government. layer cake

52
Q

full faith and credit clause

A

states must regard and honor one anothers governments and laws

53
Q

gibbons v ogden

A

new york issue with monopoly over water, federal government decided for and the monopoly was canceled, declare congress authority over most commercial activity

54
Q

marble cake federalism

A

lines not straight or even, government and state mix.

55
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

banking and taxing issue

established judicial review

56
Q

privileges and immunities

A

citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states

57
Q

tenth amendment

A

distinguishes the two governing spheres

reserved powers clause, states get all powers not reserved to the federal gov

58
Q

where are the enumerated powers located

A

art 1 sec 8

59
Q

unitarian gov

A

those with a single governing authority in a central capital with uniform law throughout the land
ex france italy japan

60
Q

united states v lopez

A

gun free school zone act

unconstitutional because not considered regulating commerce

AP government (9 decks)

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