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unit one test Flashcards

1
Q

advice and consent

A

power of the United States Senate to be consulted on and approve treaties signed and appointments made by the President of the United States to public positions

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2
Q

anti federalists

A

opponents to the constitution, wanted a government like under the articles. Patrick henry and george mason

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3
Q

articles of confederation

A

a series of statements that defined the initial national government and redefined the former colonies as states. A weak system of government

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4
Q

Bicameralism

A

two body legislature, house and senate

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5
Q

bill of rights

A

many concerns complied into amendments, ratified by 1791

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6
Q

checks and balences

A

each branch having unique powers and each being able to block the other

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7
Q

commerce clause

A

congress can regulate interstate commerce

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8
Q

Great compromise (connetitcut)

A

Two house congress with a house of reps for population and a senate for equal representation, each state gets two reps

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9
Q

declaration of independence

A

an official statement from the colonists to justify their break from Britain and their reasons for independence

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10
Q

domestic policy

A

within a nation

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11
Q

enumerate powers

A

written, expressed, delegated

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12
Q

federalist papers

A

85 essays written to promote the constitution to reassure the citizens that they created a federal system

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13
Q

federalism

A

balance of power among a central, national authority and state or regional authorities

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14
Q

federalists

A

people in favor of the constitution

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15
Q

framers

A

who wrote the constitution,

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16
Q

foreign policy

A

outside of the country

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17
Q

house of representatives

A

part of the legislative branch, representation based off of population

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18
Q

james madison

A

went to the constitutional convention

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19
Q

john locke

A

enlightenment thinker, argued that natural law is the law of god, and under natural law people were born free and equal

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20
Q

judicial review

A

the power of federal courts to uphold or declare acts of the government unconstitutional
informal amendment

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21
Q

Marbury v ,Madison (1803)

A

established judicial review, people assigned to serve as commissioners, never got delivered, next president canceled their positions

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22
Q

national supremacy

A

when state and national government conflict, national government always wins

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23
Q

natural law

A

law of god, people born free and equal

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24
Q

necessary and proper (elastic) clause

A

congress shall have the power to make all laws which are necessary and proper for executing their given powers

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25
new jersey plan
states have sovereignty, national legislature limited and defined powers, no courts
26
political science
asks two questions, who governs and to what ends
27
popular sovereignty
the people are the ultimate ruling authority
28
preamble
mission statement beginning with we the people, outlines the purposes of the new government
29
Representative republic
democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people
30
reserved powers
specifically reserved to the states
31
senate
part of legislative branch by which every state is represented by two representatives
32
separation of powers
the distinct responsibilities and limits of each branch to keep any one branch from becoming too powerful
33
shays rebellion
nine months, farmers lost their farms to debt. Started rebellion, burned governors house, had to hire mercenaries to take down the rebellion. Ultimate proof of how weak the central government was
34
social contract
treatise by jean jacques rousseau, man was born free and everywhere else he is in chains
35
supremacy clause
constitution and laws of the united states shall be the law of the land
36
Virginia plan
Edmund ralph introduce, three branch gov, bicameral legislature. seperation of powers
37
why did the framers mistrust direct democracy
directed by the people, on large scale it isnt efficient, the common citizen didnt have the time care or education to influence the government in a positive way
38
What was the result of the great compromise
a two house legislature of the house of rep and senate to represent the large populated states and the small states
39
what was the significance of judicial review
the judicial branch now had a lot more power, they could uphold or declare acts of the government unconstitutional
40
Right after independence what type of government was created
confederate, articles of confederation. the states help the power
41
democracy
demo- people cracy- rule a government consisting of elected officials who represent citizens and make public policies on their behalf
42
government
institutions where a society makes and enforces its public policies
43
politics
who gets what, when, and why
44
public policies
all of the goals a government sets to accomplish and the various actions it persues to realize these goals
45
how many amendments
27
46
What are the informal methods to amend the constitution
congress propose an amendment with 2/3 vote in each house | then to ratify 3/4 state legislature must agree or 3/4 of state convention
47
articles of confederation weaknesses
no power to regulate interstate commerce no taxation power no national military no national judiciary
48
concurrent powers
powers held by both federal and state governments
49
cooperative federalism | fiscal federalism
the process of congress collecting federal tax revenues and distributing them to states in order for the states to take care of particular national concerns
50
delegated powers
specifically written expressed powers
51
duel federalism
power is divided between the federal and state governments in clearly defined terms, with state governments exercising those powers accorded to them without interference from the federal government. layer cake
52
full faith and credit clause
states must regard and honor one anothers governments and laws
53
gibbons v ogden
new york issue with monopoly over water, federal government decided for and the monopoly was canceled, declare congress authority over most commercial activity
54
marble cake federalism
lines not straight or even, government and state mix.
55
McCulloch v Maryland
banking and taxing issue | established judicial review
56
privileges and immunities
citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states
57
tenth amendment
distinguishes the two governing spheres | reserved powers clause, states get all powers not reserved to the federal gov
58
where are the enumerated powers located
art 1 sec 8
59
unitarian gov
those with a single governing authority in a central capital with uniform law throughout the land ex france italy japan
60
united states v lopez
gun free school zone act | unconstitutional because not considered regulating commerce

AP government (9 decks)

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