Unit 3 Flashcards
Valence issue
An issue about which the public is united and rival candidates or political parties adopt similar positions in hopes that each will be thought to best represent the widely shared beliefs
Which law closed loopholes in soft money and independent expenditures
BCRA
What court case states that a corporation is a person and has freedom of speech just like a person
Citizens united v FEC
Result of the federal elections campaign act
Limited individual and pac donations
Each party determines their official presidential candidate at the
National convention
Supreme court case that spending money is a freedom of speech
Buckley v Valeo
Caucus
In this format voters organize regionally by party and hold a public vote for which candidate they want to represent their party
America’s earliest party system developed over political difference between
Jefferson and Hamilton
What can super pacs not do
Donate directly to political candidate
What is limited money you can give to candidate
2000
26 amendment
Anyone over 18 can vote
What is the secret state wide ballot vote
Primary
Groups of voters change their usual patterns of party loyalty
Critical elections
Increasing public attention to specific problems is a core feature of the media’s — power
Agenda setting power
What event signaled the rebuplican party’s rise to power
Civil war
What case helped create the soft money loophole of campaign donations
Buckley v valeo
McCain feingold
Banned soft money restricted so called issue ads increased contribution limits
FECA 1971
Candidates must disclose source of contributions to campaigns
1974 FEC Created to
Administer and enforce campaign finance laws
Under FECA laws organizations could establish
PACs
PACs
Which are private organizations created to elect or oppose political candidates in order to promote legislation that the organization is interested in
FECA limitations
Individuals 1000 limit
Labor unions and corporations prohibit spending money on campaigns but they could create pacs of 50 that can’t donate more than 5000 to candidate and 15000 a year to election
Minor parties can receive federal funding if party won
5% last election
No federal funding Ever for
Congressional candidate s
FECA led to distinction between
Hard and soft money
BCRA or McCain feingold bill
Banned soft money to political parties
Individuals 2000$
Parties from 20,000 to 25000
Banned issue ads 60 days prior to election
BCRA upeld by court decision
McConely v FEC
527 organization s
Unlimited expenditures
IRS code designation that raises and spends money to advance political causes
Can’t coordinate with candidate
Three components of party
Party in gov
Party in electorate
Party organizations
Functions of political parties
Nominate candidates
Raise spend campaign funds
Register voters
Simplify decisions
Advantage to two party
Keeps it simple
Simplify decision
Critical election
An electoral earthquake where new issues emerge New coalitions replace old ones and majority party is often displaced by minority
New deal coalition voters
Voters for FDR
Realignment
Happens as a result of a critical election, voting trends shift or realign with opposing party
Difference between SIG and party
Party is broad many policies
SIG narrow, one policy
Retrospective
Based off history
Prospective
Based on what a candidate pledges to do
Free rider
Someone who benefits without participation fully
Gatekeeper media
Media decides what is newsworthy
Can cause government to act on certain issues
Score keeper
Media judges successes and failures of gov, horse race journalism focus on polling
Watch dog
Media exposes what govmay want to keep hidden
Super pacs
May raise and spend unlimited sums of money in order to advocate for or against political candidates
Can’t donate directly to candidate
SIGS and candidates have what to record their money
PACS
Citizens v FEC
Created super pacs
Can’t coordinate with campaign
Power elite theory
Small super wealthy group dominates public policy
Pluralist
No one single groups good, pool together, agree with paper 51,
Hyper pluralist
Criticism too many special interest groups, bad policy,
Way sigs use
Campaign donations
Votes
Litigation- file suits
Minor party’s play what role
Spoiler
Single member district
Winner take all House
This is why third party doesn’t get into house
How are other counties different
They use proportional allocation for voting
AARP
American association of retired people
Baby boom
Informal amendment example
Two party System
First two political parties
fed va antifed
First dem pres
Andrew Jackson
Modern republican
Lincoln
1932 realignment
AA Brought into Democrat for new deal
1969 realignment
Civil rights law passed, Democrats pushed civil rights
1970s
Hippie gen
Social issues
Order of elections
Iowa caucus
New hand hire primary
Pluto ty election
Majority election
If win ÍA OR NH what do win and wheee do go
Bounce, money momentum media
Take state delegates to party presidential nominating convention
General election
Ties after first Monday in November
Need what to win general election
538 need 270
Caucuses
Select delegates for national convention
Vote discuss debate
Interactive
Primary
Statewide voting
Private casting ballot
Quiet
Can vote for any candidate regardless of affiliation
Biggest difference between caucus and primary
Time, caucus takes longer
Super Tuesday
March, manu states have their primary’s that day
1828
Second realigning, Andreea Jackson, tried to have all power
Whig party
Fight Jackson
1850
Great divide, wedge issues
Free soil party
Northern dems
Nominated Abraham and
1896
Bank runs and panic
1890-1930
Era of reform
Progressives try to abolish political parties
