unit nine

Question 1

what is part of fluid intake?

Answer 1

• oral liquids
• enteral feedings
• parenteral fluids (IV, blood products, total parenteral nutrition)

Question 2

what is part of fluid output?

Answer 2

• urine
• diarrhea
• vomitus
• gastric suction
• drainage from surgical tubes/drains

Question 3

what are the 5 indications for urinary catheterization?

Answer 3

1. relieve urinary retention
2. monitoring of urinary output in acute situations
3. diagnostic tests
4. provide irrigation
5. instill medications

Question 4

why should you irrigate a catheter?

Answer 4

to maintain patency of indwelling catheters

Question 5

what are the normal characteristic of urine?

Answer 5

• amount: greater than or equal to 30mL/hr
• color: straw, amber
• clarity: clear
• odor: faint aroma
• pH: 6 (4.5-8)
• specific gravity: 1.015-1.025
• no protein, glucose, or ketones

Question 6

what are the 3 types of urine specimens?

Answer 6

1. urinalysis: tests for kidney or metabolic function, nutrition, systemic disease
2. C+S: tests for bacteria (culture) and determines most effective antibiotic for treatment (sensitivity)
3. timed urine specimen: for kidney function and urine composition, over 2-72 hours

Question 7

what does fecal occult blood testing screen for?

Answer 7

blood in stool (frank vs occult)

Question 8

what causes a false positive in FOBT?

FOBT: fecal occult blood testing

Answer 8

• iron supplements
• red meat

Question 9

what causes a false negative in FOBT?

Answer 9

patient takes vitamin C