unit four

Question 1

what is oxygen therapy?

Answer 1

the administration of supplemental oxygen to prevent or treat hypoxia and hypoxemia

Question 2

the selection of oxygen devices are dependent on:

Answer 2

• level of oxygen required
• severity of hypoxia
• disease process

Question 3

nasal cannula

flow, advantages and disadvantages

Answer 3

• 1-6L/min
• advantages: safe, simple, easily tolerated, allowed for eating and drinking
• disadvantaged: can’t use if nasal obstruction, dries muscous membranes, can be dislodged, skin breakdown, breathing pattern can impact FiO2

FiO2: fraction of inspired oxygen

Question 4

simple mask

flow, advantages and disadvantages

Answer 4

• 5-10L/min
• advantages: useful for short periods, for patients who mouth breath
• disadvantages: increased risk of aspiration, impedes eating and drinking, feelings of claustrophobia, <5L can cause hypoxia

Question 5

partial and non rebreather

flow, advantages and disadvantages

Answer 5

• 10-15L/min
• advantages: useful for immediate care of hypoxia, humidifies O2 and doesn’t dry mucous membranes
• disadvantages: impedes eating and drinking, bag may deflate, increased risk of aspiration, feelings of claustrophobia

Question 6

venturi mask

flow, advantages and disadvantages

Answer 6

• 24-50% O2
• advantages: wide range of FiO2
• disadvantages: increased risk for aspiration, impedes eating and drinking, feelings of claustrophobia

FiO2: fraction of inspired oxygen

Question 7

what are 2 breathing techniques? what do they do?

Answer 7

• deep breathing and coughing: facilitates opening of alveoli and clears secretions
• pursed lip breathing: develops control over pace of breathing, promotes prolonged O2 exchange

Question 8

what is incentive spirometry?

Answer 8

• encouraged patients to practice taking deep breaths
• provide visual feedback to encourage long slow breaths

Question 9

how do we promote cultural safety?

Answer 9

• do not discriminate
• refrain from judgement, labeling, stigmatizing, or torture
• do not engage in any form of lying, punishment, or any treatment that is inhumane or degrading

Question 10

what are the 3 calls to action in healthcare?

Answer 10

• 22: recognize the value of aboriginal healing practices and use them in treatment in collaboration with aboriginal healers and elders where requested
• 24: increase the number of aboriginal professionals working in the a) healthcare field, b) aboriginal communities, and c) providing cultural competency training
• 25: medical and nursing school are required to take a course dealing with aboriginal health issues

Question 11

what is a restraint?

Answer 11

• physical/mechanical/environmental means intended to prevent injury, manage behaviours or physical movements which could cause bodily harm
• limits freedom of movement, immobilizes the client

Question 12

what is best practice when it comes to restraints?

Answer 12

• least restraints
• used as a last resort
• requires physician’s order