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AP Human Geography > Unit IV Quizzes > Flashcards

Unit IV Quizzes Flashcards

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1
Q

Western European country that has experienced the most rapid manufacturing growth sine the late 20th century

A

Spain

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2
Q

Industrial areas outside NA and Europe have become increasingly important in recent years primarily beause of

A

Site Factors

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3
Q

Among the surviving steel plants in the US, production concentrated in the southern Lake Michigan area has increased its share of national production, primarily because of access to…

A

Markets

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4
Q

Metal Fabrication plants are an example of a bulk-gaining industry because…

A

Separate parts are combined to make a more complex and massive product

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5
Q

A copper concentration mil tends t locate near a copper mine because it is…

A

A bulk-reducing industry

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6
Q

The lowest-cost form of transporting goods very long distances is by…

A

Boat

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7
Q

A company which uses more than one mode of transportation ill often locate near…

A

Break-of-Bulk points

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8
Q

Compared to other industries, aluminum manufacturers are more likely to locate near sources of…

A

Low-cost energy

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9
Q

Which industry is most dependent on low-cost labor?

A

Textile

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10
Q

Significant site factors include…

A

Land, Labor, and Capital

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11
Q

The average wage in MDC’s compared to the average wage in LDC’s is about…

A

4 times larger

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12
Q

Central Europe offers an attractive combination of important site and situation factors:

A

More expensive, but more skilled labor than in Asia or Latin America
Less skilled but cheaper labor than Western Europe
Proximity to markets

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13
Q

The US Gulf coast has become an important industrial area because of…

A

Access to oil and natural gas

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14
Q

Between 1950 and 2009, the northeastern Us region lost ____ jobs and gained ___ jobs.

A

6 million; 2 million

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15
Q

Maintaining control over all phases of a highly complex production process is known as…

A

Vertical Integration

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16
Q

A main benefit for manufacturers of just-in-time delivery is…

A

It reduces the money a manufacturer uses for wasteful inventory AND it allows the manufacturer to reduce factory size

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17
Q

The US government distinguishes between foreign and domestic cars…

A

For the US Dept. of Treasury Customs Service to set tariffs, for the US EPA to measure fuel efficiency, and for informing customers under the American Automobile Labeling Act

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18
Q

What two location factors influence industries to remain in the northeastern US and northwestern Europe?

A

Skilled labor and rapid delivery to market

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19
Q

In contrast to Fordist production, Post-Fordist production is more likely to…

A

Introduce more flexible work hours

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20
Q

The new international division of labor reflects the growing importance of…

A

Outsourcing

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21
Q

An example of primary sector activity:

A

Mining

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22
Q

The large percentage of population involved in agriculture in china indicates:

A

Most people produce food for their own survival

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23
Q

The NA region is the world’s leading provider of entertainment, financial and management services, sports, and food, but not what?

A

Petroleum

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24
Q

The diffusion of Walmart around the globe is an application of which concept?

A

Distance-decay

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25
Q

Japan’s principal asset for promoting development is what?

A

Abundant supply of labor

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26
Q

The highest level of development w/in Latin America is found where?

A

Southern South America

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27
Q

Population was traditionally low in Southeast Asia because of what?

A

Inhospitable environment

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28
Q

Agricultural output in South Asia each year depends primarily on what?

A

Arrival of monsoon rains

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29
Q

Development prospects are limited in Sub-Saharan Africa because of overworked agricultural land and declining output, poor leadership, colonial legacy, and capacity of land to produce food, but not what?

A

Lack of monsoon rains

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30
Q

The GDI…

A

Compares the levels of indicators for females to those males within a country

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31
Q

The GEM…

A

Compares the levels of indicators for females to those of males w/in a country

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32
Q

According to Rostow’s development model, the process of development begins when…

A

An elite group initiates innovative activities

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33
Q

Saudi Arabia has successfully employed the international trade alternative primarily because of…

A

Petroleum Reserves

34
Q

Traditional barriers to international investment have included…

A

Requiring licenses for importers

35
Q

Female life expectancy is NOT an indicator of what?

A

Global Gender Inequality

36
Q

The biggest problem faced by less developed countries is what?

A

Inability to repay loans

37
Q

GDP is…

A

Total value of outputs of goods and services produced in a country during a year

38
Q

In 2008, the per capita GDP in Sudan was about $1500, which indicates that it is an…

A

LDC

39
Q

Per capita GDP is a god indicator of all but what?

A

The distribution of wealth w/in a country

40
Q

In MDC’s, employment is increasing in what sector?

A

Tertiary

41
Q

Prior to the IR, the distribution of industry was:

A

Dispersed

42
Q

The IR Revolution in Europe diffused…

A

West to East

43
Q

The major contribution made by the chemical industry to the textile industry was what?

A

Bleaching

44
Q

The IR began where?

A

Great Britain

45
Q

Proximity to Russian consumers is the most significant industrial asset of which region?

A

Volga**

46
Q

the most important transportation improvement in the 18th century was what?

A

Canal

47
Q

The IR originated in Great Britain in approximately what year?

A

1750

48
Q

The cottage industry system involved manufacturing where?

A

In the home

49
Q

Today, the most significant industrial asset of the Western Great Lakes area is its what?

A

Large market area

50
Q

The first industries to increase production through extensive use of the steam engines were…

A

Textile and Iron

51
Q

In order to become a major industrial power, Japan had to overcome…

A

Distance from consumers

52
Q

Europe’s principle industrial areas include Northester Germany and southern Netherlands, west-central Germany and northeastern France, and northern England and southern Scotland. Which is not a principle industrial area?

A

Southwestern France and northeaster Spain

53
Q

Approximately 3/4’s of the world’s industrial production is concentrated in which regions?

A

Japan, Eastern NA, Eastern Europe

54
Q

A copper concentration mill tends to locate near a copper mine because it is a…

A

Bulk-reducing industry

55
Q

Russian manufacturers were more likely than American manufacturers to locate near…

A

Raw Materials

56
Q

The growth of manufacturing was retarded in the US during the 19th century, primarily because of…

A

Distance from Market

57
Q

Eastern NA is the continent’s manufacturing center in part because it has access to the continent’s…

A

Largest Markets

58
Q

Proximity to European consumers is the most significant industrial asset of the…

A

Mid-Rhine region

59
Q

Today, New England’s most significant industrial asset

A

Skilled Labor Force

60
Q

The main source of power for steam engines and blast ovens is produced

A

Coal

61
Q

The capacity to do work

A

Energy

62
Q

Concentration of a trace substance at a level greater than occurs in average air

A

Air Pollution

63
Q

A substance in the physical environment that has value to human beings

A

Resource

64
Q

Which group consumes 1/4th of the world’s energy, while only making up 1/20th of Earth’s population

A

North America

65
Q

Prior to the Industrial Revolution, humans relied mostly on what kind of power?

A

Animate

66
Q

Before the Industrial Revolution, the most important source of fuel was…

A

Biomass

67
Q

Fossil Fuels are…

A

Unevenly distributed around the world, finite resources, and plants and animals buried millions of years ago

68
Q

The most common energy source for home heat and hot water is…

A

Natural Gas

69
Q

Most nonrenewable energy sources are…

A

Formed very slowly

70
Q

The amount of energy in fields not yet identified but thought to exist

A

Potential Reserve

71
Q

Unconventional sources of oil like shales and tar sandstone are…

A

Accessible by damaging the environment

72
Q

Saudi Arabia has relatively large proven reserves of…

A

Petroleum

73
Q

The US has a relatively large proven reserve of…

A

Coal

74
Q

China has a relatively large proven reserve of…

A

Coal

75
Q

The most dramatic example of a country that consumes more energy than it produces is…

A

Japan

76
Q

To protest the US;s support for Israel in its 1973 war against Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, during the inter of 1973-1974, OPEC members…

A

Refused to sell petroleum to the US

77
Q

Greater dependence on coal is likely to occur by…

A

Expanding use of electricity

78
Q

NA are less dependent that Europeans on nuclear energy primarily because of…

A

More abundant coal reserves

79
Q

What are examples of renewable resources?

A

Geothermal/Fusion

80
Q

Mexico City’s Air pollution problem is caused by…

A

Burning of fossil fuel from roughly 8 million vehicles and 50,000 factories
Lack of oxygen at high altitude that results in less efficient burning of fossil fuels
Surrounding mtns. that trap polluted air

AP Human Geography (21 decks)

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