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AP Human Geography > Ch. 1 Vocab > Flashcards

Ch. 1 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

The reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communication and transportation systems

A

Space-Time Compression

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2
Q

The spread of something over a given area

A

Concentration

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3
Q

Geographic approach that emphasizes human-environment relationships

A

Cultural Ecology

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4
Q

An area organized around a node or focal point

A

Functional Region

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5
Q

A company that conducts research, operates factories and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located

A

Transnational Corporation

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6
Q

Generally, the relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole; specifically, the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature of the Earth’s surface

A

Scale

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7
Q

The acquisition of data about Earth’s surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods

A

Remote Sensing

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8
Q

The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another

A

Relocation Diffusion

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9
Q

The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the euqator

A

Latitude

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10
Q

An east-west line designated under the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the US

A

Base Line

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11
Q

Relationships among people and objects across the barriers of space

A

Connections

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12
Q

A nineteenth - and early twentieth - century approach to the study of geography which argued that the general laws sought by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was therefore the study of how the physical environment caused human activities

A

Environmental Determinism

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13
Q

The frequency with which something exist within a given unit of area

A

Density

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14
Q

An arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas

A

International Date Line (IDL)

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15
Q

The arrangement of something across Earth’s surface

A

Distribution

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16
Q

The physical character of a place

A

Site

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17
Q

The location to a place relative to another place

A

Situation

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18
Q

The name given to a portion of Earth’s surface

A

Toponym

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19
Q

A circle around the globe parallel to the equator and at a right angle to the meridians

A

Parallel

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20
Q

A computer system that stores, organizes, analyzes and displays geographic data

A

Geographic Information System (GIS)

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21
Q

An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area

A

Regional Studies (or cultural landscapes)

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22
Q

An arc drawn on a map between the North and South Poles

A

Meridian

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23
Q

The increasing gap in economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globalization of the economy

A

Uneven Development

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24
Q

The time in that zone encompassing the prime meridian or 0 degrees longitude

A

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

25
Q

An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics

A

Formal Region (or uniform or homogeneous region)

26
Q

A specific point on earth distinguished by a particular character

A

Place

27
Q

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access . and is socially acceptable

A

Resource

28
Q

The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process

A

Expansion Diffusion

29
Q

An area that people believe exists as a part of their cultural identity

A

Vernacular Region (or perceptual region)

30
Q

A representation of a portion of Earth’s surface based on what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located

A

Mental Map

31
Q

The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected

A

Stimulus Diffusion

32
Q

The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

A

Physiological Density

33
Q

A square normally one mile on a side. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided townships in the US into 36 sections

A

Section

34
Q

Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group

A

Cultural Landscape

35
Q

A two-dimensional, or flat, representation of the Earth’s surface, or a portion of it

A

Map

36
Q

The geometric or regular arrangements of something in a study area

A

Pattern

37
Q

The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or place

A

Hierarchical Diffusion

38
Q

A law that divided the US into townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers

A

Law Ordinance of 1785

39
Q

A system that determines the precise location of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and recievers

A

Global Positioning System (GPS)

40
Q

The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

A

Agricultural Density

41
Q

The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population

A

Contagious Diffusion

42
Q

The theory that the physical environment may set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives

A

Possibilism

43
Q

The meridian, designated at 0 degrees longitude, that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England

A

Prime Meridian

44
Q

The total number of people divided by the total land area

A

Arithmetic Density

45
Q

The region from which innovative ideas originate

A

Hearth

46
Q

The body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute a group’s distinct religion

A

Culture

47
Q

The physical gap or interval between two objects

A

Space

48
Q

An area distinguished by a unique combination of trends or features

A

Regions

49
Q

A square normally six miles on a side. The Land Ordinance of 1785 divided much of the US into a series of townships

A

Townships

50
Q

Land created by the Dutch by draining water from an area

A

Polder

51
Q

The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the Prime Meridian

A

Longitude

52
Q

The science of making maps

A

Cartography

53
Q

The position of anything on Earth’s surface

A

Location

54
Q

The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time

A

Diffusion

55
Q

The system used to transfer locations from Earth’s surface to a flat map

A

Projection

56
Q

A north-south line designated in the Land Ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the US

A

Principal Meridian

57
Q

Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope

A

Globaliztion

58
Q

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

A

Distance Decay

AP Human Geography (21 decks)

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