Unit I: Mandible and Associated Structures Flashcards
This is the largest and sturdiest facial bone
Mandible (lower jaw)
The large horizontal part of the mandible
Body
The upper border of the body of the mandible containing the tooth sockets
Alveolar process
Another name for tooth sockets
Alveoli
Vertically ascending part of the mandible
Ramus
This is found at the POSTERIOR terminus of the body
Angle
This articulates with the temporal bone to form the temporomandibular joint
Condylar process
Area of attachment for muscles of mastication
Coronoid process
This is a sydrome in which there is misalignment of the temporomandibular joint . It is one of the major causes of headaches and it puts abnormal traction on the muscles.
Temporomandibular joint sydrome (TMJ)
This is found on the INTERNAL surface of the mandible and is the origin of the genioglossus muscle
Superior mental (genial) spine
This is found on the INTERNAL surface of the mandible and is the origin of the geniohyoid muscle
Inferior mental (genial) spine
Located on the INTERNAL surface of the mandible and is the origin of the anterior belly of the digastric
Digastric fossa
Located on the INTERNAL surface of the mandible and is the origin of the mylohyoid muscle. Ridge on inner surface of the mandible/floor of the mouth.
Mylohyoid line
Found on the INTERNAL surface of the mandible and is the location of the sublingual gland
Sublingual fossa
This is located on the INTERNAL surface of the mandible and is the location of part of the submandibular gland
Submandibular fossa
Origin of the Digastric muscle
1) posterior belly–mastoid process
2) anterior belly–digastric fossa
Insertion of the Digastric muscle
Both bellies insert into the hyoid bone by an intermediate tendon that connects them together. The intermediate tendon is strapped to the hyoid bone by a fibrous loop
Nerve supply to the Digastric
1) posterior belly–cervical branch of the facial nerve (CN VII)
2) anterior belly–nerve to mylohyoid (CN V)
Function of the Digastric muscle
1) Elevates the hyoid bone
2) Depresses the mandible when hyoid is fixed
Origin of the Mylohyoid muscle
Mylohyoid line
Insertion of the Mylohyoid muscle
1) body of hyoid bone
2) median raphe
Where fibers from two sides come together and interweave
Raphe
Nerve supply to the Mylohyoid muscle
Nerve to Mylohyoid (CN V)
Function of the Mylohyoid muscle
Elevates hyoid bone and floor of mouth
Origin of Geniohyoid
Inferior mental spine
Insertion of Geniohyoid
Body of hyoid bone
Nerve supply to Geniohyoid
C1 fibers through hypoglossal nerve
Function of Geniohyoid
Elevates hyoid bone and tongue
Origin of Genioglossus
Superior mental spine
Insertion of Genioglossus
Tip and entire undersurface of tongue
Nerve supply to Genioglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
Function of Genioglossus
1) Draws tongue forward
2) Protrudes tip of tongue
Origin of Hyoglossus
1) Body of hyoid bone
2) Greater horn of hyoid bone (on upper surface)
Insertion of Hyoglossus
Sides of tongue
Nerve supply to Hyoglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
Function of Hyoglossus
Draws tongue downward
A small portion of the Hypglossus may take origin from the lesser horn of the hyoid bone. This muscle slip is called this
Chondroglossus
Origin of Styloglossus
Styloid process
Insertion of Styloglossus
sides of tongue
Nerve supply to Styloglossus
Hypoglossal nerve
Function of Styloglossus
Draws tongue upward and backward
Origin of Stylohyoid
Styloid process
Insertion of Stylohyoid
Body of hyoid bone
Nerve supply to Stylohyoid
Facial nerve
Function of Stylohyoid
Elevates hyoid bone and tongue
This is one of the three large paired salivary glands. It wraps around the POSTERIOR border of the Mylohyoid
Submandibular gland
The submandibular gland consists of TWO parts
1) Superficial part
2) Deep part
This part of the submandibular gland is large and lies WITHIN the submandibular triangle and in the submandibular fossa
Superficial part
This part of the submandibular gland is small and lies SUPERIOR to the Mylohyoid muscle
Deep part
This is 5cm long and opens into the oral cavity on the sublingual caruncle
Submandibular duct
This is located lateral to the frenulum of the tongue
Sublingual caruncle
Innervation of the Submandibular gland
Parasympathetic fibers from the FACIAL nerve via the Submandibular ganglion
This gland is the SMALLEST of the three major salivary glands. IT lies SUPERIOR to the Mylohyoid muscle in the sublingual fossa.
Sublingual gland
This empties into the floor of the mouth by 12 short ducts located along the sublingual fold
Sublingual gland
Innervation of the Sublingual gland
Parasympathetic fibers from the facial nerve via the submandibular ganglion
Nerves associated with the mandible
1) Lingual nerve
2) Glossopharyngeal nerve
3) Hypoglossal nerve
Blood vessels associated with the mandible
1) Ligual artery
2) Lingual vein
3) Facial artery
4) Facial vein
Lymph nodes associated with the mandible
1) Submandibular lymph nodes
2) Submental lymph nodes
