unit five: baron's 3 (69-74) Flashcards

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1
Q

neouroscience or biopsychological perspective

A

the influence of biology on psychology

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2
Q

neuroanatomy

A

refers to the study of the parks and functions of neurons

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3
Q

neurons

A

are individual nerve cells. these cells make up our entire nervous system

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4
Q

dendrites

A

rootlike parts of the cell that stretch out from the cell body. dendrities trow to make synaptic connections with other neurons

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5
Q

cell body/ soma

A

contains the nucleus and other parts of the cell needed to sustain its life

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6
Q

axon

A

wire like structure ending in the terminal buttons that extends from the cell body

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7
Q

myelin sheath

A

a fatty covering around the axon of some neurons that speeds neural impulses

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8
Q

terminal buttons

A

aka end buttons, synaptic knobs or terminal branches of axon: the branched end of the axon that contains neurotransmitters

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9
Q

neurotransmitters

A

chemicals contained in terminal buttons that enable neurons to communicate. neurotransmitters fit into reception sites on the dendrites of neurons like a key fits into a lock

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10
Q

synapse

A

the space between the terminal buttons of one neurons and the dendirties of the next neuron

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11
Q

receptor sites

A

reaction between the terminal buttons of neurons A stimulate and release neurotransmitters into the synapse. these fit into the receptor sites on the the dendrities of neuron B.

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12
Q

threshold

A

if enough neurotransmitters are received

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13
Q

action potential

A

the change in charge spreads down the length of neuron B like a bullet from a gun. electrical firing

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14
Q

all or none principle

A

when a neuron fires completely. if the dendrities of a neuron receive enough neurotransmitters to push the neuron past it’s threshold the neuron will fire completely each time. a neuron cannot fire a little or a lot

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15
Q

excitatory neurotransmitter

A

meaning that they excite the next cell into firing

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16
Q

inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

meaning that they inhibit the next cell from firing

17
Q

nervous system

A

brings information from our sense to our brain

18
Q

our bodies two wires

A
  1. take information to the brian

2. take instructions back from the brain to the muscles

19
Q

afferent neurons

A

take information from the senses to the brain.

add aren’t nerves as taking information in AT the brain

20
Q

interneurons

A

once information teachers the brain or spinal cord this neuron takes the message and sends them elsewhere in the brain or on to efferent neurons

21
Q

efferent neurons

A

take information from the brain to the rest of the body.

efferent nerves carry information that EXIT the brain

22
Q

our nervous system is divided into different categories based on function

A

center al and peripheral nervous systems

23
Q

CNS central nervous system

A

consists of brain and spinal cord

24
Q

spinal cord

A

all the nerves housed within the bone.

25
Q

PNS peripheral nervous system

A

consists of all the other beavers in your body— all nerves not encased in bone

  1. somatic
  2. autonomic nervous systems
26
Q

somatic nervous system

A

controls our voluntary muscle movements

27
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

controls the automatic functions of our body— our hearts lung etc. controls responses to stress— fight or flight

28
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

mobilized our body to respond to stress. carries messages to the control systems of the organs glands muscles etc that direct our body’s response to stress

29
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

responsible for slowing down our body after a stressful response. it carries messages to the stress response system that causes our body to slow down

30
Q

brain

A

controls most of human thought and behavior

31
Q

phineas gage and accidents

A
  • damages the front part of his brain
  • doctors noted that gage was more emotional and impulsive after accident
  • concludes that that part of the brain that was damaged also controlled emotion
32
Q

lessioning

A

the removal or destruction of the brain. never done purely for experimental purposes. doctors decide that the best treatment can be surgical removing some part of the brain. this is when it is done