UNIT 9 ERYTHROCYTE DISORDERS Flashcards
anemia depends on what? 2
hematocrit and haemoglobin value
what is anemia caused by?
- hypovolemia
2. hypotension = low blood pressure
signs of anemia=
– Signs: muco-cutaneous pallor , tachicardia, hypotension,
symptoms of anemia=
– Symptoms: weakness, asthenia, headlightness, dyspnea,
what do hematocrite and hb have in common?
they correlate
what is the normal value of hematocrit? ratio of the volume of red blood cells : total volume of blood.
M= 42-50 F= 37-47
what is the normal value of hemoglobin?
M= 14-18
F=12-16
what is the normal value of mcv? is the average volume of red cells.
82-97
what is the normal value of mch? mean cell hemoglobin
27-33
what is normal RBC?
M= 4.6.-6
F=4.2-5.4
TYPES OF ANAEMIA? 2
- central anemia
- (aplastic anemia)
- BM INVASION
- INFECTON
- DIET - peripheral anemia
what is central anemia?
problems in erythropoiesis (RBC prod) in bone marrow
IN CENTRAL anemia what is APLASTIC ANEMIA?
1) Complete aplasia : RBC, WBC and
platelets aplasia ( NO CELL GROWTH)
2) Partial aplasia : Pure red cells aplasia
IN CENTRAL anemia can be from bm invasion equaling=
– Bone marrow invasion:
• Malignant neoplasm
• Infection = TB most common + Leishmania =dog
what is Oligoelements deficiency: in CENTRAL ANEMIA?
WHAT IS FERROPENIC ANEMIA?
AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA?
1) Ferropenic anemia=Iron Deficiency Anemia
2) (vitamin B12 +)Folic acid deficency
what is peripheral anemia?
Decreased red cell survival problems in (hemolysis)
– According erythrocyte shape
Corpuscular
Extracorpuscular??
» Corpuscular: abnormal erythrocytes
» Extracorpuscular: normal erythrocytes
IF YOU HAVE A BIG SLEEN WHAT HAPPENS?
increased hemolysis
hyperbilirubinemia of hemolysis in peripheral ANEMIA?
jaundice/ Icterus> white of eyes + skin
as less heamoglobin = less red pigment
microcytic + hypochronic =anemia= ( low MCV+ MCH)
B THALASSEMIA
blood disorder that reduces the production of hemoglobin
AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
normocytic + normochronic anemia=
EPO DEFICIENCY= prod by kidney = promotes erythropoiesis ( RBC PROD)
macrocytic + hyperchronic anemia =
VITB12 + folic acid deficiency
alot more colour + size
what is POLYCYTHEMIA? opposite of anemia=
too much erythropoiesis (prod rbc)
in a person with a respiratory disease or live in high altitude what happens?
when you have hypoxia what happens?
-polycythemia> body compensates by doubling=red face
Increased erythropoietin (EPO) from kidney that inc RBC prof erythropiesis and checks level of o2 in blood via receptors
