UNIT 9 ERYTHROCYTE DISORDERS Flashcards
anemia depends on what? 2
hematocrit and haemoglobin value
what is anemia caused by?
- hypovolemia
2. hypotension = low blood pressure
signs of anemia=
– Signs: muco-cutaneous pallor , tachicardia, hypotension,
symptoms of anemia=
– Symptoms: weakness, asthenia, headlightness, dyspnea,
what do hematocrite and hb have in common?
they correlate
what is the normal value of hematocrit? ratio of the volume of red blood cells : total volume of blood.
M= 42-50 F= 37-47
what is the normal value of hemoglobin?
M= 14-18
F=12-16
what is the normal value of mcv? is the average volume of red cells.
82-97
what is the normal value of mch? mean cell hemoglobin
27-33
what is normal RBC?
M= 4.6.-6
F=4.2-5.4
TYPES OF ANAEMIA? 2
- central anemia
- (aplastic anemia)
- BM INVASION
- INFECTON
- DIET - peripheral anemia
what is central anemia?
problems in erythropoiesis (RBC prod) in bone marrow
IN CENTRAL anemia what is APLASTIC ANEMIA?
1) Complete aplasia : RBC, WBC and
platelets aplasia ( NO CELL GROWTH)
2) Partial aplasia : Pure red cells aplasia
IN CENTRAL anemia can be from bm invasion equaling=
– Bone marrow invasion:
• Malignant neoplasm
• Infection = TB most common + Leishmania =dog
what is Oligoelements deficiency: in CENTRAL ANEMIA?
WHAT IS FERROPENIC ANEMIA?
AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA?
1) Ferropenic anemia=Iron Deficiency Anemia
2) (vitamin B12 +)Folic acid deficency
what is peripheral anemia?
Decreased red cell survival problems in (hemolysis)
– According erythrocyte shape
Corpuscular
Extracorpuscular??
» Corpuscular: abnormal erythrocytes
» Extracorpuscular: normal erythrocytes
IF YOU HAVE A BIG SLEEN WHAT HAPPENS?
increased hemolysis
hyperbilirubinemia of hemolysis in peripheral ANEMIA?
jaundice/ Icterus> white of eyes + skin
as less heamoglobin = less red pigment
microcytic + hypochronic =anemia= ( low MCV+ MCH)
B THALASSEMIA
blood disorder that reduces the production of hemoglobin
AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE
normocytic + normochronic anemia=
EPO DEFICIENCY= prod by kidney = promotes erythropoiesis ( RBC PROD)
macrocytic + hyperchronic anemia =
VITB12 + folic acid deficiency
alot more colour + size
what is POLYCYTHEMIA? opposite of anemia=
too much erythropoiesis (prod rbc)
in a person with a respiratory disease or live in high altitude what happens?
when you have hypoxia what happens?
-polycythemia> body compensates by doubling=red face
Increased erythropoietin (EPO) from kidney that inc RBC prof erythropiesis and checks level of o2 in blood via receptors
hyperviscosity due to polycythemia and low blood equal what?
thrombosis (clot)
what is ischemia?
complete blood blockage by thrombosis = necrosis
