UNIT 9 ERYTHROCYTE DISORDERS

Question 1

anemia depends on what? 2

Answer 1

hematocrit and haemoglobin value

Question 2

what is anemia caused by?

Answer 2

1. hypovolemia

2. hypotension = low blood pressure

Question 3

signs of anemia=

Answer 3

– Signs: muco-cutaneous pallor , tachicardia, hypotension,

Question 4

symptoms of anemia=

Answer 4

– Symptoms: weakness, asthenia, headlightness, dyspnea,

Question 5

what do hematocrite and hb have in common?

Answer 5

they correlate

Question 6

what is the normal value of hematocrit? ratio of the volume of red blood cells : total volume of blood.

Answer 6

M= 42-50
F= 37-47

Question 7

what is the normal value of hemoglobin?

Answer 7

M= 14-18

F=12-16

Question 8

what is the normal value of mcv? is the average volume of red cells.

Answer 8

82-97

Question 9

what is the normal value of mch? mean cell hemoglobin

Answer 9

27-33

Question 10

what is normal RBC?

Answer 10

M= 4.6.-6

F=4.2-5.4

Question 11

TYPES OF ANAEMIA? 2

Answer 11

1. central anemia
   - (aplastic anemia)
   - BM INVASION
   - INFECTON
   - DIET
2. peripheral anemia

Question 12

what is central anemia?

Answer 12

problems in erythropoiesis (RBC prod) in bone marrow

Question 13

IN CENTRAL anemia what is APLASTIC ANEMIA?

Answer 13

1) Complete aplasia : RBC, WBC and
platelets aplasia ( NO CELL GROWTH)
2) Partial aplasia : Pure red cells aplasia

Question 14

IN CENTRAL anemia can be from bm invasion equaling=

Answer 14

– Bone marrow invasion:
• Malignant neoplasm
• Infection = TB most common + Leishmania =dog

Question 15

what is Oligoelements deficiency: in CENTRAL ANEMIA?

WHAT IS FERROPENIC ANEMIA?
AND IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA?

Answer 15

1) Ferropenic anemia=Iron Deficiency Anemia

2) (vitamin B12 +)Folic acid deficency

Question 16

what is peripheral anemia?

Answer 16

Decreased red cell survival
problems in (hemolysis)

Question 17

– According erythrocyte shape
Corpuscular
Extracorpuscular??

Answer 17

» Corpuscular: abnormal erythrocytes

» Extracorpuscular: normal erythrocytes

Question 18

IF YOU HAVE A BIG SLEEN WHAT HAPPENS?

Answer 18

increased hemolysis

Question 19

hyperbilirubinemia of hemolysis in peripheral ANEMIA?

Answer 19

jaundice/ Icterus> white of eyes + skin

as less heamoglobin = less red pigment

Question 20

microcytic + hypochronic =anemia= ( low MCV+ MCH)

Answer 20

B THALASSEMIA
blood disorder that reduces the production of hemoglobin
AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE

Question 21

normocytic + normochronic anemia=

Answer 21

EPO DEFICIENCY= prod by kidney = promotes erythropoiesis ( RBC PROD)

Question 22

macrocytic + hyperchronic anemia =

Answer 22

VITB12 + folic acid deficiency

alot more colour + size

Question 23

what is POLYCYTHEMIA? opposite of anemia=

Answer 23

too much erythropoiesis (prod rbc)

Question 24

in a person with a respiratory disease or live in high altitude what happens?
when you have hypoxia what happens?

Answer 24

-polycythemia> body compensates by doubling=red face

Increased erythropoietin (EPO) from kidney that inc RBC prof erythropiesis and checks level of o2 in blood via receptors

Question 25

hyperviscosity due to polycythemia and low blood equal what?

Answer 25

thrombosis (clot)

Question 26

what is ischemia?

Answer 26

complete blood blockage by thrombosis = necrosis