UNIT 11 COAGULATION DISORDERS

Question 1

TXA2 does what?

Answer 1

Vasoconstriction (Vasospasm) •

Question 2

Primary hemostasis: stopping of bleeding

first stage of wound healing.

Answer 2

• Platelets adhesion
- Von Willebrand factor

• Platelets aggregation
- TXA2 and ADP

Question 3

what happens in the intrinsic pathway?

Answer 3

longer, active

Question 4

what happens in the extrinsic pathway?

Answer 4

shorter, Factor X> xa (ACTIVE)

Question 5

what is the common (final pathway?)

Answer 5

Factor X>xa>II>IIa>I>Ia

all promote coagulation

Question 6

what is Ia?

Answer 6

FIBROIN

Question 7

whats the name of factor II AND IIA?

Answer 7

II= prothrombin 
IIA= thrombin

Question 8

whats the name of factor I AND IA?

Answer 8

I=FIBROGEN

IA= FIBRIN (harder)

Question 9

in the blood PLASMINOGEN TURNS INTO WHAT?

Answer 9

PLASMIN (active)

can lysis a thrombosis

Question 10

what is diathesis?

Answer 10

coagulation problem too much or too little

thrombotic + hemorragic

Question 11

when is there no diathesis?

Answer 11

-no diathesis if there is balance between PLASMINOGENS (ANTICOG) + FIBRINOGENS (COG)

Question 12

What is primary hemostasis and secondary?

Answer 12

primary= vasospasm (vasoconstrcition)
secondary = (coagulation)

Question 13

what does plasminogen do to a thrombosis?

Answer 13

turns it into an embolus

Question 14

what is an embolism?

Answer 14

embolus is too big to enter artery or vein

Question 15

Primary hemostatic disorders 3

Vascular disorders:
Platelets disorders
Thrombocitopathies = problem platlet aggregation!

Answer 15

1. Vascular disorders:
   • Capillary fragility
   • Vasculitis
2. Platelets disorders
   • Thrombopenia or thrombocytopenia
   • Central
   • Peripheral (spleen sequestration)

3• Thrombocitopathies or (lack of adp+txa2)
• Congenital: Von Willebrand disease (VWD)
– Defect in platelet function due to lack of VW Factor
– This is an inherited autosomal dominant trait
could be from antiplatlet drugs = ASPIRIN

Question 16

Thrombocitopathies? =

Answer 16

problem platelet aggregation!

Question 17

what is petechiae?

Answer 17

Tiny flat purple or

red dots <2mm. Most common on chest, arms and neck

Question 18

what is pura pura?

Answer 18

red-purple dots (2 mm2- 1 cm2

Question 19

what is ecchymosis?

Answer 19

bruising) or hematoma : Bleeding
subcutaneus tissue =causing flat or raised discolored areas of
skin or mucous membrane

Question 20

what is (hematemesis)?

Answer 20

blood in vomit

Question 21

what is black, tarry

stools ?

Answer 21

(melena)

Question 22

what is bloody stools?

Answer 22

(hematochezia)

Question 23

what is Nosebleeds:

Answer 23

epistaxis

Question 24

what is • Bleeding in the urine:

Answer 24

hematuria

Question 25

what is • Excesive menstrual download

Answer 25

menorrhagi

Question 26

what is Gingival bleeding:

Answer 26

Gingivorrhagias

Question 27

congenital clotting factor disorder Hemophilia A +b ?

Answer 27

``` a = lack factor 8 b= lack factor 9 ```

Question 28

what makes clotting factors?

Answer 28

the liver + needs AA for this, uses VITk to join

Question 29

what is the antagonist of VIT K?

Answer 29

warfarin

Question 30

clinical features of secondary hemostasis disorder?

Answer 30

- Muscle hematomas - Ecchymosis/Hematomas - Hemarthrosis (hemophilia)

Question 31

Primary hemostasis tests:

Answer 31

– Platelets count: – Bleeding time: platelets function. Aspirin increases bleeding time.

Question 32

Secondary hemostasis or coagulation tests: 3

Answer 32

PTT, PT, INR

Question 33

– aPTT or PTT:

Answer 33

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time. | Intrinsic and common pathway

Question 34

download

Answer 34

Prothrombin Time. Extrinsic and common pathway

Question 35

PT

Answer 35

Prothrombin Time. Extrinsic and common pathway

Question 36

– I.N.R

Answer 36

. (Internacional Normalized Ratio)= | same information than PT.

Question 37

WHAT IS HEPARIN? | how is it taken

Answer 37

taken via injection ANTICOAG MODIFIES INTRINSIC PATH

Question 38

WHAT IS WARFARIN? | how is it taken

Answer 38

taken orally anticoag EXTRINSIC PATH vit k antagonist (helps liver make clotting fac)

Question 39

what does warfarin put u at risk of?

Answer 39

cerebral haemorrhages | -check INR EVERY MONTH