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SEMIO > UNIT 11 COAGULATION DISORDERS > Flashcards

UNIT 11 COAGULATION DISORDERS Flashcards

1
Q

TXA2 does what?

A

Vasoconstriction (Vasospasm) •

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2
Q

Primary hemostasis: stopping of bleeding

first stage of wound healing.

A

• Platelets adhesion
- Von Willebrand factor

• Platelets aggregation
- TXA2 and ADP

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3
Q

what happens in the intrinsic pathway?

A

longer, active

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4
Q

what happens in the extrinsic pathway?

A

shorter, Factor X> xa (ACTIVE)

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5
Q

what is the common (final pathway?)

A

Factor X>xa>II>IIa>I>Ia

all promote coagulation

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6
Q

what is Ia?

A

FIBROIN

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7
Q

whats the name of factor II AND IIA?

A 
II= prothrombin 
IIA= thrombin
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8
Q

whats the name of factor I AND IA?

A

I=FIBROGEN

IA= FIBRIN (harder)

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9
Q

in the blood PLASMINOGEN TURNS INTO WHAT?

A

PLASMIN (active)

can lysis a thrombosis

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10
Q

what is diathesis?

A

coagulation problem too much or too little

thrombotic + hemorragic

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11
Q

when is there no diathesis?

A

-no diathesis if there is balance between PLASMINOGENS (ANTICOG) + FIBRINOGENS (COG)

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12
Q

What is primary hemostasis and secondary?

A 
primary= vasospasm (vasoconstrcition)
secondary = (coagulation)
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13
Q

what does plasminogen do to a thrombosis?

A

turns it into an embolus

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14
Q

what is an embolism?

A

embolus is too big to enter artery or vein

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15
Q

Primary hemostatic disorders 3

Vascular disorders:
Platelets disorders
Thrombocitopathies = problem platlet aggregation!

A
  1. Vascular disorders:
    • Capillary fragility
    • Vasculitis
  2. Platelets disorders
    • Thrombopenia or thrombocytopenia
    • Central
    • Peripheral (spleen sequestration)

3• Thrombocitopathies or (lack of adp+txa2)
• Congenital: Von Willebrand disease (VWD)
– Defect in platelet function due to lack of VW Factor
– This is an inherited autosomal dominant trait
could be from antiplatlet drugs = ASPIRIN

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16
Q

Thrombocitopathies? =

A

problem platelet aggregation!

17
Q

what is petechiae?

A

Tiny flat purple or

red dots <2mm. Most common on chest, arms and neck

18
Q

what is pura pura?

A

red-purple dots (2 mm2- 1 cm2

19
Q

what is ecchymosis?

A

bruising) or hematoma : Bleeding
subcutaneus tissue =causing flat or raised discolored areas of
skin or mucous membrane

20
Q

what is (hematemesis)?

A

blood in vomit

21
Q

what is black, tarry

stools ?

A

(melena)

22
Q

what is bloody stools?

A

(hematochezia)

23
Q

what is Nosebleeds:

A

epistaxis

24
Q

what is • Bleeding in the urine:

A

hematuria

25
Q

what is • Excesive menstrual download

A

menorrhagi

26
Q

what is Gingival bleeding:

A

Gingivorrhagias

27
Q

congenital clotting factor disorder Hemophilia A +b ?

A 
a = lack factor 8
b= lack factor 9
28
Q

what makes clotting factors?

A

the liver + needs AA for this, uses VITk to join

29
Q

what is the antagonist of VIT K?

A

warfarin

30
Q

clinical features of secondary hemostasis disorder?

A
  • Muscle hematomas
  • Ecchymosis/Hematomas
  • Hemarthrosis (hemophilia)
31
Q

Primary hemostasis tests:

A

– Platelets count:
– Bleeding time: platelets function. Aspirin increases
bleeding time.

32
Q

Secondary hemostasis or coagulation tests: 3

A

PTT, PT, INR

33
Q

– aPTT or PTT:

A

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time.

Intrinsic and common pathway

34
Q

download

A

Prothrombin Time. Extrinsic and common pathway

35
Q

PT

A

Prothrombin Time. Extrinsic and common pathway

36
Q

– I.N.R

A

. (Internacional Normalized Ratio)=

same information than PT.

37
Q

WHAT IS HEPARIN?

how is it taken

A

taken via injection
ANTICOAG
MODIFIES INTRINSIC PATH

38
Q

WHAT IS WARFARIN?

how is it taken

A

taken orally
anticoag
EXTRINSIC PATH
vit k antagonist (helps liver make clotting fac)

39
Q

what does warfarin put u at risk of?

A

cerebral haemorrhages

-check INR EVERY MONTH

SEMIO (9 decks)

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