Unit 9 Chapter 17 HIV and AIDS Flashcards

Question

Your client has a past medical history of HIV. Has been admitted to the emergency department due to a fever and he is experiencing night sweats. What is the nurse's priority action? A. Place the patient in airborne precaution B.Administer Rifampin C. Obtain a sputum culture D. Obtain a PPD test

Answer 1

A. Place the patient in airborne precaution Maintain Airborne Precautions along with Standard Precautions for a patient with HIV-III (AIDS) who also has TB symptoms until parameters other than a skin test come back negative for TB.

Answer 2

Ask about cough, dyspnea, chest pain, fever, chills, night sweats, weight loss, and anorexia

Answer 3

**– respiratory infection** -dyspnea, -fever, -cough, and -weight loss. -enlargement of lymph nodes, - the spleen, or -the liver.

Answer 4

- administer O2 therapy -maintain patent airway

Answer 5

*Dyspnea on exertion, *tachypnea, **dry persistent cough**, persistent low grade fever, *fatigue, **weight loss,** **breath sounds for crackles**

Answer 6

-Assess lung sounds -high protein and high-calorie diet -assess lung sounds

Answer 7

caused cat feces or undercooked meat, raw food -*change of loc confused *increased ICP *headache seizures changes in mental status, neurologic deficits, *headaches, *fever. *changes with speech, gait, and vision; seizures; lethargy; and confusion. **Perform a comprehensive mental status examination and monitor the patient to detect subtle changes.**

Answer 8

*decrease environmental stimuli due to seizure risk **Administer mannitol** *instruct client not to change cat litter *instruct client not to eat raw fruits or raw meats

Answer 9

- hypertension **pulmonary edema**

Answer 10

-**fungal infection that affects the entire oral airway** *Food taste funny, *mouth pain, *difficulty swallowing, *pain behind sternum *Cottage cheese-like, yellowish white plaques, and inflammation **Women – vaginal candidiasis, severe pruritis, perineal irritation, thick white discharge**

Answer 11

-the patient may not want to eat due to pain and food tasting weird, -find out patients' preferred foods -dietary consult **SMOOTHIES** **or tpn**

Answer 12

GI INFECTION -diarrhea -weightloss -****monitor for fluid and electrolyte imbalances**** ****nursing intervention:**** -high calorie -high protein -monitor weight

Answer 13

**– debilitating meningitis** **-fever,** -**headache**, -blurred vision, -nausea and vomiting, -**neck stiffness,** -confusion, -mental status changes. **-seizures** -mild malaise

Answer 14

*decrease environmental stimuli due to seizure risk **Administer mannitol** **seizure precaution**

Answer 15

**Kaposi’s sarcoma** **Malignanacies occur due to a weakened immune system** most common AIDS related malignancy. Related to co- infection with herpes virus-8 * **Small, purplish brown, raised lesions on the skin and mucous membranes**

Answer 16

Malignant lymphoma’s * Hodgins’ lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s B-Cell lymphomas * Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) – results in multiple types of malignancies (patient may faint 15 minutes after administration- patient is assessed after administration)

Answer 17

* Risk for Infection r/t immune deficiency * Inadequate Oxygenation r/t anemia, respiratory infections, Kaposi’s sarcoma * Pain r/t neuropathy (HIV medication), cancer or infection * Inadequate nutrition *Reduced skin integrity * Confusion r/t AIDS dementia – caused by the virus - later stage of HIV *Reduced self esteem * Potential loss of social contact **MEDICATION COMPLIANCE**

Answer 18

* During the times when your white blood cell counts are low: * Avoid crowds and other large gatherings of people. * Do not share personal articles such as toothbrushes, toothpaste, washcloths, or deodorant sticks. * If possible, bathe daily, using an antimicrobial soap. If total bathing is not possible, wash the armpits, groin, genitals, and anal area twice a day with an antimicrobial soap. * Clean your toothbrush at least weekly by either running it through the dishwasher or rinsing it in liquid laundry bleach (and then rinsing out the bleach with hot running water). * Wash your hands thoroughly with an antimicrobial soap before you eat or drink, after touching a pet, after shaking hands with anyone, as soon as you come home from any outing, and after using the toilet. * Avoid eating undercooked meat, fish, and eggs. * Wash dishes between use with hot, sudsy water or use a dishwasher. * Do not change pet lier boxes. If unavoidable, use gloves and wash hands immediately. * Avoid turtles and reptiles as pets. * Do not feed pets raw or undercooked meat. * Take your temperature at least once a day and whenever you do not feel well. **Report any of these indications of infection to your primary health care provider immediately:** * Temperature greater than 100° F (37.8° C) * Persistent cough (with or without sputum) * Pus or foul-smelling drainage from any open skin area or normal body opening * Presence of a boil or abscess * Urine that is cloudy or foul-smelling or that burns on urination * Take all prescribed drugs. * Do not dig in the garden or work with houseplants. * Avoid travel to areas with poor sanitation or primitive health care facilities.

Answer 19

-do not share needles -get tested -reduce sexual partners