Unit 10 Chapter 27 Lung and Chapter 26 Head and Neck Cancer

Question 1

Warning signs of lung Cancer

Answer 1

• Hoarseness
• Change in respiratory pa ern
• Persistent cough or change in cough
• Blood-streaked sputum
• Rust-colored or purulent sputum
• Frank hemoptysis
• Chest pain or chest tightness
• Shoulder, arm, or chest wall pain
• Recurring episodes of pleural effusion, pneumonia, or bronchitis * Dyspnea
• Fever associated with one or two other signs
• Wheezing
• Weight loss
• Clubbing of the fingers

Question 2

Wrning signs of head and neck cancer

Answer 2

• Pain
• Lump in the mouth, throat, or neck
• Difficulty swallowing
• Color changes in the mouth or tongue to red, white, gray, dark brown, or
  black
• Oral lesion or sore that does not heal in 2 weeks
• Persistent or unexplained oral bleeding
• Numbness of the mouth, lips, or face
• Change in the fit of dentures
• Burning sensation when drinking citrus juices or hot liquids
• Persistent, unilateral ear pain
• Hoarseness or change in voice quality
• Persistent or recurrent sore throat
• Shortness of breath
• Anorexia and weight loss

Question 3

Risk factors for head and neck cancer

Answer 3

The two major risk factors for head and neck cancer are tobacco and alcohol use, especially in combination (McCance et al., 2019). Other risk factors include voice abuse, chronic laryngitis, exposure to chemicals or dusts, poor oral hygiene, long-term gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and oral infection with human papillomavirus (HPV

Question 4

Nursing care Post Op Head and neck surgery

Answer 4

Complications after surgery include airway obstruction, hemorrhage, wound breakdown, and tumor recurrence. The first priorities after head and neck surgery are airway maintenance and ensuring gas exchange.

The first 24 hours after surgery are critical. Evaluate all grafts and flaps hourly for the first 72 hours
. Monitor capillary refill, color, drainage, and Doppler activity of the major blood vessel to the area
. Report changes to the surgeon immediately because surgical intervention may be needed. Position the patient so the surgical flaps are not dependent

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