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Science > Unit 9 > Flashcards

Unit 9 Flashcards

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1
Q

Physical changes(4)

A

Boiling, crashing, melting, or filtering

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2
Q

Chemical changes

A

Passing an electric current through it or burning it

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3
Q

Physical properties

A

Boiling point, melting point, hardness, color, texture, and density(d=m/v)

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4
Q

Chemical properties

A

We activity with acid and other elements, and flammability

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5
Q

What can you live without

A

An atmosphere

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6
Q

What is the most important thing that you can’t live without

A

Water

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7
Q

How do I remember the most common elements on earth

A

Chopkin’s Cafe has mighty good salt

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8
Q

How are molecules formed

A

Went two or more atoms are joined chemically by sharing electrons are giving up or receiving electrons

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9
Q

Compound

A

A molecule that contains at least two different elements

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10
Q

C6H12O6 forms what

A

Sugar AKA glucose

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11
Q

NaHCO3

A

Baking soda

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12
Q

H2O2

A

Hydrogen peroxide

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13
Q

H2O

A

Water

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14
Q

What four things do living things need to survive

A

Energy source, water, air, and a place to live

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15
Q

Photosynthesis

A

When carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen

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16
Q

Earth rotation

A

Earth spins on its axis making a complete rotation every 24 hours which allows most of earths regions to receive regular amount of sunlight

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17
Q

What is the most important component of the solar system

A

The sun

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18
Q

What percent of the solar systems mass does the sun contain

A

99.8%

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19
Q

Since the sun takes up 99.8% of the solar systems mass, the remaining .2% makes up…..

A

Planets, moons, dwarf planets, astroids, meteors, and comets

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20
Q

The sun provides most of the heat, white, and other energy which makes

A

Life possible on earth

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21
Q

The Earth’s location, and reference of the sun, enables it to:

A

Maintain liquid water

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22
Q

If earth were closer to the sun what would happen to the water

A

The water would evaporate

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23
Q

If earth were too far away from the sun what would happen to the water

A

It would freeze

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24
Q

What is earths average temperature

A

59°F

25
Q

What is the key to the world weather

A

Sun

26
Q

Why is water important for life(3)

A

Transports vital substances, oceans help with climate, it takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of water even a few degrees

27
Q

Deep-sea vents can reach over

A

650°F

28
Q

What happens if you add pressure to water

A

You can raise its boiling temp

29
Q

Since water can undergo extreme variations, what it happen

A

It wouldn’t freeze or boil away

30
Q

What happens when water expands

A

It becomes less dense

31
Q

Three reasons why the atmosphere is necessary

A
  1. Greenhouse gases trap temp
  2. protects from harmful radiation
  3. Thickness of an atmosphere depends on gravity
32
Q

What does stronger gravity equal

A

Stronger gravity equals thicker atmosphere

33
Q

What type of air does the atmosphere consist of

A

Dry air

34
Q

How much nitrogen and oxygen does the earth have

A

Nitrogen 78%

Oxygen 21%

35
Q

How much argon carbon dioxide and water vapor does the earth have

A

Argon 1%
CO2 .04%
Water vapor 1%

36
Q

Since the ozone layer protects the earth, what does a block

A

It blocks most UV radiation before it reaches the earths surface

37
Q

Orbit

A

The path a body follows as it travels around another body in space

38
Q

Solar system

A

Collection of small and large bodies which orbit a central star

39
Q

Do dwarf planets orbit the sun

A

Yes

40
Q

Element

A

Pure substance in which all the particles are alike

41
Q

Gravity

A

The force of objects due to the masses and differences between them

42
Q

Earths gravity causes what to orbit the earth

A

Moon

43
Q

Weightlessness

A

Apparent loss of weight of a freefalling object due to gravity

44
Q

Long term effects of weightlessness

A

Muscles and bones in the legs and lower back weeken

45
Q

Radiation

A

Electromagnet radiation, along with highly charged particles can damage DNA and tissues-causing cancer

46
Q

Meteoroids

A

They move at high speeds which cause serious damage if they collide with spacecraft or astronaut working outside of spacecraft

47
Q

What two things are supplied to the spacecraft cabin crew

A

Oxygen and air pressure

48
Q

In a space craft what happens to the waste

A

For liquid waste is recycled in the solid waste is compressed and stored

49
Q

And a spacecraft, how is the food package

A

Freeze dried

50
Q

How do they drink liquids in the spacecraft

A

They use zero gravity cups and straws

51
Q

Outer layer of a spacesuit

A

Strong fabric which reflect sunlight

52
Q

Inner layers of a spacesuit

A

Keep astronauts cool by removing body heat and sweat

53
Q

Special joints in the fabric permit for what

A

Bending

54
Q

Safety tethers

A

Used to attach to spacecraft when working outside

55
Q

As one of the long-term effects for weightlessness what happens to the spine

A

The length increases

56
Q

As another long-term effect of weightlessness what happens to the heart

A

The heart weekens because it doesn’t have to work as hard

57
Q

What can radiation cause

A

Damage to DNA and tissues which can cause cancer

58
Q

Helmet

A

Reflect and reduce glare

Science (13 decks)

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