Unit 9 Flashcards
Identify the anatomical boundaries of the: abdomen
upper boundary is the diaphragm, a sheet of muscle and connective tissue that separates it from the chest cavity; its lower boundary is the upper plane of the pelvic cavity. Vertically it is enclosed by the vertebral column and the abdominal and other muscles
Identify the anatomical boundaries of the: greater pelvis
The greater (false) pelvis is located superiorly to the pelvic inlet and contains the distal part of the intestines. It is bordered by the ala of the ilium laterally and the 4th - 5th lumbar vertebrae and the base of the sacrum posteriorly.
Identify the anatomical boundaries of the: lesser pelvis
The lesser pelvis is bounded in front and below by the superior rami of the symphysis pubis; above and behind, by the sacrum and coccyx; and laterally, by a broad, smooth, quadrangular area of bone, corresponding to the inner surfaces of the body and superior ramus of the ischium, and the part of the ilium below the arcuate line.[1]
List and complete the names of the pelvic girdle components
The bony pelvis consists of the two hip bones (also known as innominate or pelvic bones), the sacrum and the coccyx.
Sacroiliac joints (x2) – between the ilium of the hip bones, and the sacrum
Sacrococcygeal symphysis – between the sacrum and the coccyx.
Pubic symphysis – between the pubis bodies of the two hip bones.
Ligaments attach the lateral border of the sacrum to various bony landmarks on the bony pelvis to aid stability.
Describe the location and function of: sacrospinous ligament
L: lower pelvic
F: pelvic stability
Describe the location and function of: sacrotuberous ligament
L: posterior pelvis
F: pelvic stability
Describe the location and function of the iliolumbar ligament
L: 5th vertebra transverse process of L vert. Inner lip of iliac cret.
F: supports the lumbar spine
Describe the location and function of the anterior sacroiliac ligament
L: the pelvic surface of the joint
F: Prevents the anterior and inferior movement of the sacrum
Describe the location and function of: posterior sacroiliac ligament
L: posterior and superior to the joint and fills the space between the tuberosities.
F: supports sacroiliac joints by holding the sacrum firmly
Describe the location and function of Inguinal ligament
L: groin
F:anchors the oblique muscles, abs, pelvis and provides hips with flexibility.
Describe the location and function of superior pubic ligament
L: superior aspect of symphysis attaching laterally to the pubic tubercles
F: Pubic symphysis stabilization
Describe the location and function of inferior pubic ligament
L: Inferior aspect of symphysis attaching laterally to the pubic tubercles
F: Stability for pubic symphysis
Describe the location and function of Ant. sacrococcygeal ligament
L: Ant surface of the sacrum to the ant. surface of the apex of coccyx
F: increase the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis during labour and pooping
Describe the location and function of posterior sacococcygeal ligament
L: Sacrum to coccyx
F: closes the post. aspect of the most distal part of the sacral canal
Identify and describe the muscles of the pelvis and the nerves that control them: levatator ani
L: pelvis - coccygeus muscle
I: post surface of pubic bones, post surface of pubic bone,
tedinous arch of internal obturator
O: puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus
M: opens and closes levatator hiatus
Innervation: S4 branches to the rectal perinaneal branch of puendal nerve (S2 - S4)
