Unit 8.5 - Decolonization after 1900

Question 1

Example of a nationalist party

Answer 1

The Indian Nation Congress

Question 2

Autonomy

Answer 2

The right to self government

Question 3

How did nationalist groups and leaders challenge imperialism?

Answer 3

Through land reform, political negotiation, and armed struggles

Question 4

Indian National Congress’ tactics to gain autonomy from imperial rule?

Answer 4

They negotiated politically and used noncooperation/civil disobedience movements. Ghandi also called for unity between the Muslims and Hindus

Question 5

Muslim League

Answer 5

A group of people who wanted a separation nation for Indian Muslims

Question 6

Was the Muslim League successful? Why/Why Not?

Answer 6

Yes, it was successful. Scared to be in an independent India ruled by Indian Hindus, they campaigned and established Pakistan as an independent country for themselves.

Question 7

Ghana (British colony)’s Type of Resistance

Answer 7

Violent

Question 8

Kwame Nkrumah

Answer 8

First president of Ghana

Question 9

What Kwame Nkrumah advocated for and what it means

Answer 9

Pan-Africanism; the celebration of unity of cultures and ideas throughout the continent

Question 10

To promote his vision, Nkrumah founded the ______

Answer 10

Organization of African Unity

Question 11

Algeria (French Colony)’s Type of Resistance

Answer 11

Violent

Question 12

Why France was reluctant to give Algeria self-determination

Answer 12

There were many French citizens living there as settlers so France said they could not be a separate country

Question 13

National Liberation Front and what tactics they used to kill the French

Answer 13

Led the Algerian War for Independence and killed the French through guerilla warfare

Question 14

Single Party State

Answer 14

A state where only one party has the right to govern

Question 15

Similarities between Ghana and Algeria

Answer 15

Both faced oppression under military rule and struggled between being a multiparty or single-party state.

Question 16

Senegal, Ivory Coast, Niger, and Upper Volta (French Colony)’s Type of Resistance

Answer 16

Peaceful

Question 17

What France did for their African colonies

Answer 17

Added to their infrastructures through highways, railroads, and schools

Question 18

Charles de Gaulle

Answer 18

French president who gave Algeria autocracy

Question 19

Differences between Ghana and Algeria

Answer 19

Ghana established a new constitution to peacefully transfer power between governments while Algeria faced increased religious conflicts

Question 20

Leader of the communist Vietnamese Resistance Movement

Answer 20

Ho Chi Minh (got power through nationalist feelings)

Question 21

Result of peace treaty in Vietnam

Answer 21

Country split into two halves, northern Vietnam being communist

Question 22

Viet Cong

Answer 22

Southern Vietnamese who supported communism

Question 23

Vietnam’s Type of Resistance

Answer 23

Violent

Question 24

Egypt’s Type of Resistance

Answer 24

Peaceful

Question 25

Country Egypt made the Anglo-Egyptian with for greater autonomy

Answer 25

Britain, it also kept British soldier sin Egypt to protect the Suez Canal

Question 26

Gamal Abdel Nasser (overthrew Egyptian king) was a great proponent of _____-_____

Answer 26

Pan-Arabism

Question 27

Pan-Arabism

Answer 27

A movement promoting the cultural and political unity of Arab nations

Question 28

Communism

Answer 28

The cultural and political unity of working people

Question 29

Nigeria (British colony)’s Type of Resistance

Answer 29

Peaceful

Question 30

Biafran Civil War

Answer 30

Caused by the Igbos, a mostly Christian tribe who tried to secede the northern Muslim government

Question 31

Causes of Suez Crisis

Answer 31

Britain and France wanted control but France’s lease on it symbolized colonial exploitation for the Egyptians. When Nasser seized it and the British and French tried to claim it again. The U.S. and Soviet Union used the United Nations to broker a resolution to it

Question 32

Effects of Suez Crisis

Answer 32

It became an international waterway for all

Question 33

What challenged colonial rule and inherited political boundaries after 1900?

Answer 33

Regional, religious, and ethnic motives

Question 34

Example of a Regional Resistance Movement

Answer 34

Algeria, they wanted self-determination from the French but because there were so many French people living in Algeria, France didn’t want to give it to them

Question 35

Example of a Religious-Motivated Resistance Movement

Answer 35

Nigeria, the Christians wanted a land of their own rather than be ruled by an overpowering Muslim government and India, between the Muslims wanting their own land rather than living under Hindu rule.

Question 36

Example of an Ethical Motivated Resistance Movement

Answer 36

Ghana, the resistance and fight was between two groups, one wanting a single-party rule and the other wanting a multiparty state

Question 37

What played a role in decolonization movements after WWII?

Answer 37

Nationalist movements

Question 38

Examples (2) of large nationalist movements that advocated for change from 1900s to the present

Answer 38

Algerian War for Independence and Egypt with Pan-Arabism/Suez Crisis