Unit 8 - Transport in Mammals Flashcards
1
Q
What does closed circulatory system mean?
A
The blood pumped by the heart is contained within blood vessels and doesnt come into direct contact with cells
2
Q
Describe the journey of blood through the circulatory system [9]
A
- Heart
- pulmonary artery
- lungs
- pulmonary vein
- heart
- aorta
- body
- vena cava
- heart
3
Q
Define the term double circulatory system
A
The blood flows around the heart in two circuits
4
Q
Advantages of a closed system [2]
A
- Lower blood vol required to keep system moving
- Pressure can be controlled and maintained
5
Q
Advantages of a double circ system [4]
A
- Maintains blood pressure around whole body
- More efficient uptake of oxygen
- Effient delivery of oxygen and nutrients
- Blood pressure can differ in pulmonary and systemic systems
6
Q
Relate structure of arteries to function [5]
A
- Thick muscular walls to withstand high pressure
- Elastic tissue allows stretching and recoil to prevent pressures surges
- Narrow lumen to maintain pressure
- smooth muscle which enables them to vary blood flow
- lined with smooth endothelium to reduce friction and ease blood flow
7
Q
Relate vein structure to function [4]
A
- Wide lumen eases blood flow
- thin walls eases compression by skeletal muscles
- Require valves to prevent backflow of blood
- less muscular and elastic tissue as they dont have to control blood flow
8
Q
Relate capillary structure to function [3]
A
- Walls only one cell thick giving short diffusion distance
- Narrow Lumen, red blood cells squeeze through decreasing the diffusion distance
- numerous and highly branched, providing large surface area
9
Q
Relate arteriole structure to function [2]
A
- Branch off arteries and veins in order to feed blood into and take blood away from the capillaries
- Smaller than arteries and veins so that the change in pressure is more gradual as blood passes through increasingly small vessels
10
Q
Describe structure of erythrocyte (red blood cell)
A
11
Q
A
