Unit 1 - Cell Structure Flashcards
Resolution
The ability to distinguish between two objects very close together, the higher the resolution the greater the detail that can be seen
Magnification
The number of times greater that an image is than the actual object
Cell Surface Membrane
Partially permeable and control the movement of substances in and out of the cell while allowing for cells to interact and respond with each other and external signals
Nucleus
Contain DNA for protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. Surrounded by double membrane called the nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
Synthesises ribosomal RNA and makes ribosomes
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Covered in ribosomes and is used to transport proteins made on the ribosomes
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transports lipid molecules
Golgi Body
syntheses glycoproteins and packages proteins for export from cell. makes primary lysosomes
Mitochondria
Produce ATP by aerobic repiration
Ribosomes
Site of protein synthesis
Lysosome
Digests unwanted materials and worn out organelles
Microtubules
Form the cytoskeleton and are involved in movement of organelles
Centrioles
A microtubule organised centre and is involved with the formation of the spindle during nuclear division
Choloroplasts
Contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis
Cell Wall
Made from cellulose, supports the plant cell and maintains its shape
Plasmodesmata
Contain five strands of cytoplasm linking a plant cell with neighbouring cells allowing the movement of materials between cells
Vacuole
Contains various solutes and is surrounded by the tonoplast which controls the exchange of materials between the vacuole and cytoplasm
What’s the difference between 70s ribosomes and 80s ribosomes
70s is smaller and found in prokaryotic cells, 80s are larger and found in eukaryotic cells
Define Eukaryotic Cell
Cells which contains a nucleus contained in a nuclear membrane
Define Prokaryotic Cell
Unicellular organism without a nuclear membrane
What do cell use for energy requiring processes
ATP
What are viruses [4]
- Non cellular structure
- Nucleic acid core
- Have a capsid made of protein
- Maybe have an outer envelope
Which cell structures have 70S Ribosomes
Chloroplasts and mitochondria
What are bacterial cell walls made from?
Pepdidoglycan
What are plant cell walls made from?
Cellulose
