Unit 1 - Cell Structure

Question 1

Resolution

Answer 1

The ability to distinguish between two objects very close together, the higher the resolution the greater the detail that can be seen

Question 2

Magnification

Answer 2

The number of times greater that an image is than the actual object

Question 3

Cell Surface Membrane

Answer 3

Partially permeable and control the movement of substances in and out of the cell while allowing for cells to interact and respond with each other and external signals

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Contain DNA for protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. Surrounded by double membrane called the nuclear envelope

Question 5

Nucleolus

Answer 5

Synthesises ribosomal RNA and makes ribosomes

Question 6

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 6

Covered in ribosomes and is used to transport proteins made on the ribosomes

Question 7

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 7

Transports lipid molecules

Question 8

Golgi Body

Answer 8

syntheses glycoproteins and packages proteins for export from cell. makes primary lysosomes

Question 9

Mitochondria

Answer 9

Produce ATP by aerobic repiration

Question 10

Ribosomes

Answer 10

Site of protein synthesis

Question 11

Lysosome

Answer 11

Digests unwanted materials and worn out organelles

Question 12

Microtubules

Answer 12

Form the cytoskeleton and are involved in movement of organelles

Question 13

Centrioles

Answer 13

A microtubule organised centre and is involved with the formation of the spindle during nuclear division

Question 14

Choloroplasts

Answer 14

Contain chlorophyll and are the site of photosynthesis

Question 15

Cell Wall

Answer 15

Made from cellulose, supports the plant cell and maintains its shape

Question 16

Plasmodesmata

Answer 16

Contain five strands of cytoplasm linking a plant cell with neighbouring cells allowing the movement of materials between cells

Question 17

Vacuole

Answer 17

Contains various solutes and is surrounded by the tonoplast which controls the exchange of materials between the vacuole and cytoplasm

Question 18

What’s the difference between 70s ribosomes and 80s ribosomes

Answer 18

70s is smaller and found in prokaryotic cells, 80s are larger and found in eukaryotic cells

Question 19

Define Eukaryotic Cell

Answer 19

Cells which contains a nucleus contained in a nuclear membrane

Question 20

Define Prokaryotic Cell

Answer 20

Unicellular organism without a nuclear membrane

Question 21

What do cell use for energy requiring processes

Answer 21

ATP

Question 22

What are viruses [4]

Answer 22

• Non cellular structure
• Nucleic acid core
• Have a capsid made of protein
• Maybe have an outer envelope

Question 23

Which cell structures have 70S Ribosomes

Answer 23

Chloroplasts and mitochondria

Question 24

What are bacterial cell walls made from?

Answer 24

Pepdidoglycan

Question 25

What are plant cell walls made from?

Answer 25

Cellulose