unit 8 test Flashcards
what is atomic number equal to
of protons and # of electrons
what is atomic #
of periodic table
how to find mass #
top number on isotope notation or add atomic # and # of neutrons
how to find # of neutrons
subtract atomic # from mass #
fission definition
large atom splits into smaller atom
fusion definition
smaller atoms creating a large atom
what occurs in nature? fission or fusion
fusion
what is more efficent? fission or fusion
fusion
coal burning energy pros
cheap
coal burning energy cons
greenhouse gases produced
nuclear energy pros
highly efficient, no greenhouse gasses produced
nuclear energy cons
expensive, generates radioactive waste
what happens to mass # when alpha decay occurs
parent isotope 4 AMU heavier than daughter
- mass decreases by 4
what happens to atomic # when alpha decay occurs
parent isotope 2 protons more than daughter isotope
- atomic # decreases by 2
what happens to atomic # when beta decay occurs
increases by 1
what happens to mass # when beta decay occurs
stays the same
alpha- penetration power and stopped by
-low
-sheet of paper
beta- penetration power and stopped by
-medium
-metal foil or thick wood
gamma- penetration power and stopped by
- high
-limited by lead and concrete
becquerel
discovered radioactivity
thompson
- discovered the electron using cathode ray tube
- plum pudding model
democritus
introduced the idea of an atom
Aristotle
all matter is made of 4 elements. water, fire, air, and earth
dalton
- provided experimental evidence of atoms but was wrong about atoms being indivisible (proved Democritus theory
- said atoms combine in small whole # ratios
goldstien
discovered positive particals using anode ray
rutherford
- gold foil experiment
- discoved three types of radiation
curie
coined the term radiation
bohr
said electrons traveled around the nucleus on specific paths like planets
schrodinger
proposed the quantum mechanical model of the atom
chadwick
discoverd the neutron
how to calculate relative abundance
- divide % abundance by 100
- multiply by atomic mass
- repeat
- add all isotpes