unit 8 pathology

Question 1

AIDS

Answer 1

disease where there is a severe loss of the body’s cellular immunity

Question 2

anaphylaxis

Answer 2

life threatening immune response to foreign substance that causes rapid inflammation, vasodilation and bronchospasms

Question 3

aneurysm

Answer 3

widening and ballooning of the blood vessel/ weakening of the blood vessel wall

Question 4

angina pectoris

Answer 4

chest pain

Question 5

anemia

Answer 5

reduction of red blood cells characterized by patient weakness and fatigue

Question 6

aplastic

Answer 6

red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities

Question 7

hemolytic

Answer 7

destruction of red blood cells

Question 8

iron deficiency

Answer 8

inadequate iron intake

Question 9

pernicious

Answer 9

vitamin B deficiency affecting red blood cell production

Question 10

sickle cell

Answer 10

misshapen red blood cells causing obstructions

Question 11

antibody

Answer 11

substance produced by body due to presence of antigen

Question 12

antigen

Answer 12

substance that causes the body to produce antibodies

Question 13

aortic regurgitation

Answer 13

backflow of blood from the aorta into the heart (caused by weak heart vavle)

Question 14

atrial fibrillation

Answer 14

quivering or spontaneous contraction of the atrium

Question 15

atrial septal defect

Answer 15

flaw in the atrial septum

Question 16

autoimmune disease

Answer 16

disease caused by the immune system attacking health body tissue

Question 17

cardiac arrest

Answer 17

cessation of circulation

Question 18

congestive cardiomyopathy

Answer 18

heart cavity unable to pump all blood out of it/ caused by weak heart valve

Question 19

congestive heart failure

Answer 19

inability of heart chambers to pump and fill adequate resulting in a buildup of fluid in the lungs and surround the body tissues

Question 20

coronary artery bypass graft

Answer 20

borrowed piece of blood vessel to bypass narrowed or blocked coronary artery and improve blood supply to the heart

Question 21

coronary artery disease

Answer 21

abnormal condition that may affect the heart’s coronary arteries and circulation which can cause damage to the heart tissue

Question 22

deep vein thrombosis

Answer 22

formation of blood clot located in the deeper veins of the body usually the lower extremities

Question 23

ecchymosis

Answer 23

discoloration of the skin caused by bruising

Question 24

embolus

Answer 24

any form of matter that begins to form in circulation (air bubbles and blood clots)

Question 25

epstein- barr virus

Answer 25

virus that caused mononucleosis

Question 26

hemophilia

Answer 26

inability for the blood to clot due to a hereditary lack of blood clotting factors

Question 27

hemorrhage

Answer 27

blood loss from ruptured blood vessel

Question 28

hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 28

a type of cancer affecting the lymphatic system involving uncontrolled growth in lymphocytes

Question 29

hypertension

Answer 29

abnormally high blood pressure

Question 30

holter monitor

Answer 30

small portable device worn during normal activity to have a record of cardiac arrhythmia

Question 31

human immunodeficiency virus

Answer 31

a virus that attacks the immune system and suppresses the immune response which then progresses to AIDS

Question 32

immunocompromised

Answer 32

having an impaired immune system that does not respond normally or completely to a pathogen or disease

Question 33

ischemia

Answer 33

reduced blood flow

Question 34

leukemia

Answer 34

cancer of the blood or bone marrow (abnormal increase of white blood cells)

Question 35

lymphedema

Answer 35

swelling caused by accumulation of lymph

Question 36

malaise

Answer 36

vague feeling of bodily discomfort

Question 37

measles

Answer 37

viral infection causing red/ blotchy rash

Question 38

mononucleosis

Answer 38

disease caused by epstein- barr virus, transmitted through saliva and characterized by fatigue, rash, and swollen glands

Question 39

mumps

Answer 39

viral infections that affects the salivary glands

Question 40

murmur

Answer 40

abnormal heart sounds due to the hearts valves to close completely during contractions

Question 41

myocardial infarction

Answer 41

death of heart muscle tissues also known as a heart attack

Question 42

occlusion

Answer 42

closing or blockage of a package

Question 43

palpitation

Answer 43

abnormal rapid or irregular beating of the heart

Question 44

pancytopenia

Answer 44

deficiency of all cellular components of the blood

Question 45

pericardial effusion

Answer 45

extra fluid collecting between the heart and pericardium, causing pressure on the heart

Question 46

petechiae

Answer 46

small bruising of the skin

Question 47

polycythemia

Answer 47

abnormal increase of red blood cells which risk of clots

Question 48

pulmonary circulation

Answer 48

circulation of blood from heart to lungs

Question 49

rubella

Answer 49

a viral infection causing a distinctive red rash and fever

Question 50

rheumatic heart disease

Answer 50

a streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle

Question 51

systemic circulation

Answer 51

circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Question 52

ventricular septal defect

Answer 52

flaw in the septum between the ventricles