unit 8 pathology Flashcards
AIDS
disease where there is a severe loss of the body’s cellular immunity
anaphylaxis
life threatening immune response to foreign substance that causes rapid inflammation, vasodilation and bronchospasms
aneurysm
widening and ballooning of the blood vessel/ weakening of the blood vessel wall
angina pectoris
chest pain
anemia
reduction of red blood cells characterized by patient weakness and fatigue
aplastic
red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities
hemolytic
destruction of red blood cells
iron deficiency
inadequate iron intake
pernicious
vitamin B deficiency affecting red blood cell production
sickle cell
misshapen red blood cells causing obstructions
antibody
substance produced by body due to presence of antigen
antigen
substance that causes the body to produce antibodies
aortic regurgitation
backflow of blood from the aorta into the heart (caused by weak heart vavle)
atrial fibrillation
quivering or spontaneous contraction of the atrium
atrial septal defect
flaw in the atrial septum
autoimmune disease
disease caused by the immune system attacking health body tissue
cardiac arrest
cessation of circulation
congestive cardiomyopathy
heart cavity unable to pump all blood out of it/ caused by weak heart valve
congestive heart failure
inability of heart chambers to pump and fill adequate resulting in a buildup of fluid in the lungs and surround the body tissues
coronary artery bypass graft
borrowed piece of blood vessel to bypass narrowed or blocked coronary artery and improve blood supply to the heart
coronary artery disease
abnormal condition that may affect the heart’s coronary arteries and circulation which can cause damage to the heart tissue
deep vein thrombosis
formation of blood clot located in the deeper veins of the body usually the lower extremities
ecchymosis
discoloration of the skin caused by bruising
embolus
any form of matter that begins to form in circulation (air bubbles and blood clots)
epstein- barr virus
virus that caused mononucleosis
hemophilia
inability for the blood to clot due to a hereditary lack of blood clotting factors
hemorrhage
blood loss from ruptured blood vessel
hodgkin lymphoma
a type of cancer affecting the lymphatic system involving uncontrolled growth in lymphocytes
hypertension
abnormally high blood pressure
holter monitor
small portable device worn during normal activity to have a record of cardiac arrhythmia
human immunodeficiency virus
a virus that attacks the immune system and suppresses the immune response which then progresses to AIDS
immunocompromised
having an impaired immune system that does not respond normally or completely to a pathogen or disease
ischemia
reduced blood flow
leukemia
cancer of the blood or bone marrow (abnormal increase of white blood cells)
lymphedema
swelling caused by accumulation of lymph
malaise
vague feeling of bodily discomfort
measles
viral infection causing red/ blotchy rash
mononucleosis
disease caused by epstein- barr virus, transmitted through saliva and characterized by fatigue, rash, and swollen glands
mumps
viral infections that affects the salivary glands
murmur
abnormal heart sounds due to the hearts valves to close completely during contractions
myocardial infarction
death of heart muscle tissues also known as a heart attack
occlusion
closing or blockage of a package
palpitation
abnormal rapid or irregular beating of the heart
pancytopenia
deficiency of all cellular components of the blood
pericardial effusion
extra fluid collecting between the heart and pericardium, causing pressure on the heart
petechiae
small bruising of the skin
polycythemia
abnormal increase of red blood cells which risk of clots
pulmonary circulation
circulation of blood from heart to lungs
rubella
a viral infection causing a distinctive red rash and fever
rheumatic heart disease
a streptococcal infection that causes damage to the heart valves and heart muscle
systemic circulation
circulation of blood from the heart to the rest of the body
ventricular septal defect
flaw in the septum between the ventricles
