Unit 8

Question 1

Receptive vs. Expressive Language skills

Answer 1

Comprehension vs. Production

Question 2

Phonemes vs Morphemes

Answer 2

Phonemes are sound.
Morphemes are meaning.

Question 3

Syntax

Answer 3

Grammar rules

Question 4

Semantics

Answer 4

High-level literal meaning

Question 5

Connectionist Models

Answer 5

Nodes and weighted connections between them.
Semantics, lexical nodes, phonological segments.

Question 6

Which connections in connenctionist models change over time? Which don’t?

Answer 6

Lexical and semantics connections.

Phonological-lexical doesn’t really change

Question 7

What is semantic network?

Answer 7

Lexical nodes having connections with each otherP

Question 8

Phonological network

Answer 8

Networks based on how they sound and their meaning and everything.

Question 9

Co-occurance network

Answer 9

Words that usually follow each other.

Autocorrect.

Question 10

Speech Processing Pipeline

Answer 10

Phonological segment activate, then lexical activates for meaning.

Hearing perspective

Question 11

Speech production pipeline

Answer 11

Meaning first, then word, then sounds.

Question 12

What errors in speech processing pipeline?

Answer 12

We might hear wrong based on what we predict.

Question 13

What happens when working memory decays too quickly? What goes wrong with language?

Given this, what type of skills is related to WM?

Answer 13

We start to have trouble processing sounds into words.

Speech processing skills are related to working memory skills.

Question 14

How is inhibitory control used in language?

Answer 14

Inhibits phonologically similar words.

Question 15

What happens when background noise is loud and distracting to processing words?

Answer 15

More unrelated words will become active in our brain. (failure of IC)

Question 16

When Inhibitory control fails, what happens to processing of language?

Answer 16

We fail to find meaning of words.

Question 17

Saying ambulance instead of firetruck is a failure of what?

Answer 17

Inhibitory control (failed to find the right meaning)

Question 18

When we say ‘car’ when a car goes by but meant to say cat, that is a failure of what?

Answer 18

IC error.

Question 19

Language is lateralized. What’s that mean?

Answer 19

It’s on 1 side of brain (most people is left side)

Question 20

Split brain patient.

Create a scenario where they cannot say but can draw a ball.

Answer 20

Ball in left hand. (right brain)

Will say there’s nothing. But can draw with left hand.

Question 21

If split brain patient is shown hammer to right eye, saw to left eye, what will they say they see? what will they draw with left hand?

Answer 21

Will say they saw the hammer.

But will draw a saw.

Question 22

Broca’s area brain region and function

Answer 22

IFG (inferior frontal gyrus)

Syntax (production) and semantics (comprehension). Plans movement of speech-related things

Question 23

Wernicke’s Area brain region and function

Answer 23

pSTG (posterior superior temporal gyrus)
IPL (inferior parietal lobe)

Comprehension (mostly)
Phonological Segment of Words

Question 24

Auditory cortex (brain regions, functions in language)

Answer 24

STG (superior temporal gyrus)

raw auditory info that triggers Wernicke’s area

Question 25

Primary Cortex (function in language)

Answer 25

execute Broca’s area’s motor plans. Speech production

Question 26

what is BA in a brain map

Answer 26

Broadmann’s Area

Question 27

Which brain area has to do with phonological segments of words?

Answer 27

Wernicke’s area

Question 28

Who is tan man and what was wrong?

Answer 28

Broca’s area damaged. can only say ‘tan’. he thought he was fluent. speech planning + execution is poor.