Unit 8 Flashcards
Receptive vs. Expressive Language skills
Comprehension vs. Production
Phonemes vs Morphemes
Phonemes are sound.
Morphemes are meaning.
Syntax
Grammar rules
Semantics
High-level literal meaning
Connectionist Models
Nodes and weighted connections between them.
Semantics, lexical nodes, phonological segments.
Which connections in connenctionist models change over time? Which don’t?
Lexical and semantics connections.
Phonological-lexical doesn’t really change
What is semantic network?
Lexical nodes having connections with each otherP
Phonological network
Networks based on how they sound and their meaning and everything.
Co-occurance network
Words that usually follow each other.
Autocorrect.
Speech Processing Pipeline
Phonological segment activate, then lexical activates for meaning.
Hearing perspective
Speech production pipeline
Meaning first, then word, then sounds.
What errors in speech processing pipeline?
We might hear wrong based on what we predict.
What happens when working memory decays too quickly? What goes wrong with language?
Given this, what type of skills is related to WM?
We start to have trouble processing sounds into words.
Speech processing skills are related to working memory skills.
How is inhibitory control used in language?
Inhibits phonologically similar words.
What happens when background noise is loud and distracting to processing words?
More unrelated words will become active in our brain. (failure of IC)
When Inhibitory control fails, what happens to processing of language?
We fail to find meaning of words.
Saying ambulance instead of firetruck is a failure of what?
Inhibitory control (failed to find the right meaning)
When we say ‘car’ when a car goes by but meant to say cat, that is a failure of what?
IC error.
Language is lateralized. What’s that mean?
It’s on 1 side of brain (most people is left side)
Split brain patient.
Create a scenario where they cannot say but can draw a ball.
Ball in left hand. (right brain)
Will say there’s nothing. But can draw with left hand.
If split brain patient is shown hammer to right eye, saw to left eye, what will they say they see? what will they draw with left hand?
Will say they saw the hammer.
But will draw a saw.
Broca’s area brain region and function
IFG (inferior frontal gyrus)
Syntax (production) and semantics (comprehension). Plans movement of speech-related things
Wernicke’s Area brain region and function
pSTG (posterior superior temporal gyrus)
IPL (inferior parietal lobe)
Comprehension (mostly)
Phonological Segment of Words
Auditory cortex (brain regions, functions in language)
STG (superior temporal gyrus)
raw auditory info that triggers Wernicke’s area
Primary Cortex (function in language)
execute Broca’s area’s motor plans. Speech production
what is BA in a brain map
Broadmann’s Area
Which brain area has to do with phonological segments of words?
Wernicke’s area
Who is tan man and what was wrong?
Broca’s area damaged. can only say ‘tan’. he thought he was fluent. speech planning + execution is poor.
