Unit 8 Flashcards
James Lange theory
Arousal comes before a emotion
emotion results from noticing bodily arousal.
Feelings come after your body has a physical logical response.
Cannon bard theory
Arousal and emotion happen together
Are bodily responses and experienced emotions occur separately but simultaneously
Schachter singer two factor theory
Arousal + Label = emotion
The way we consciously interpret bodily arousal creates emotion
Zajonc and Ledoux
Some emotions happened without conscious interpretation
High Road
Signals travel through the thalamus to the cortex, where it can be analyzed and labeled
Low Road
Signals by pass the cortex, and go straight to the amygdala
Lazarus
Cognitive appraisal (interpretation) sometimes occurs without our awareness
To know whether a stimulus is good or bad, the brain must have an idea of what it is
Ex: we hear bushes rustling I think it’s a threat only two later realize it was just the wind
Duchenne smile
A smile that raises the cheeks and activates muscles under the eyes
Culture and emotional expression
❖ Gestures mean different things in different cultures
❖ Facial expression shows that emotions are universal: all faces show specific emotions in the same way regardless of culture
❖ Cultures vary in how emotion is displayed in front of others
Display rules
A social group or culture’s norms/rules about how to appropriately express emotions.
❖ American leaders smile more often than Chinese leaders, where calmness is emphasized.
Facial feedback effect
The tendency for a person’s facial expression to affect their emotional experience.
❖ Smiling, even when sad or angry, can improve your mood
❖ Frowning can dampen your mood
Glucose
The form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissue
• When blood glucose level drops, your stomach, intestines, and liver will signal your brain to motivate eating.
Hypothalamus
Monitors your blood chemistry and your body’s internal state.
Ventromedial hypothalamus
Responsible for the feeling of fullness tells us to stop eating
Lateral hypothalamus
Responsible for triggering hunger
Gherlin
Hunger, a rising hormone secreted by an empty stomach
I think G for growling stomach
Leptin
Hormone that alerts, the hypothalamus that we are full and can stop eating low level can cause over eating
Set point
The weight at which your body likes to be and where you tend to stay with little effort
influence primarily by genetics
Basal metabolic rate
A measure of how much energy we used to maintain basic body functions when our bodies at rest
Motivation
A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
It is a product of both our biology and experience
Instinct
An unlearned genetic behavior that has a fixed pattern throughout a species
Drive reduction theory
states that physiological needs drive us to satisfy those needs
Homeostasis
A steady, balanced internal state
Incentive theory
States that we are motivated by incentives, such as gaining rewards and avoiding punishment
Arousal theory
States that we are motivated by a need to experience an ideal level of arousal
Yerkes, Dodson law
States that moderate arousal leads to optimal performance
Too little or too much arousal worsens performance
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
Pyramid of human needs
She has more relevant individualistic cultures that value the pursuit of individual goals. Collective cultures tend to prioritize group calls over individual goals.
Self transcendence
people strive for meaning, purpose, and communion in a way that is transpersonal—beyond the self.
