Unit 7 - Energy Systems

Question 1

3 Macronutrients and 3 micronutrients

Answer 1

Macro: Protein, Fat and Carbohydrates
Micro: Water, Vitamins and Minerals

Question 2

Gluconeogenisis

Answer 2

Fat + Protein → Glucose

Question 3

Glycolysis

Answer 3

Medium duration (15s+), longer burst of energy
Lactic Acid is a byproduct
2 molecules of ATP
Ex. Speed skating, hocket shift
C6H12O6+2ADP+2Pi → 2C3H6O3 + 2ATP + 2H2O

Question 3

ATP

Answer 3

Adenosine Triphosphate → 7-10 Calories of Energy
ADP + Pi + Energy

Question 4

ATP-PC

Answer 4

Short duration, quick intense muscle contractions, power activities
Lactic Acid is not a byproduct
1 molecule
Ex. Power lifiting, sprinting or shotputting

Question 5

Cellular Respiration

Answer 5

Long endurance events, involves oxygen and complete breakdown of glucose
Yields 36 molecules of ATP
The three sub pathways comprising cellular respiration: Glycolysis, Krebs Cylce and Electron Transport Chain (ETC)
Ex. soccer, marathon

Question 6

Phosphocreatine + Adenosine Diphosphate → ?

Answer 6

Adenosine Triphosphate + Creatine

Question 7

3 Muscle Fibre Types

Answer 7

Slow Oxidative, Fast oxidative glycolysis and fast glycolytic

Question 7

Slow Twitch Muscle Fibre

Answer 7

Tonic (Long Lasting)
Type 1 - Slow Oxidative (SO) Muscle Fibres
- Fatigue resistant
- Normally are aerobic activities (Cellular Respiration)
- Dark in colour
- Relax tension slowly
- Maintain a lower level of tension for long duration
Ex. Distance Swimming, cycling and running

Question 8

Intermediate Twitch Muscle Fibre

Answer 8

Type 2A - Fast Oxidative Glycolyctic (FOG)
- Mid activities (800 m)
- Anaerobic Lactic (Glycolysis)

Question 9

Fast Twitch Muscle Fibre-

Answer 9

Phasic (Rapid)
Type 2B - Fast Glycolyctic (FG)
- Light coloured
- Anaerobic Alactic (ATP-PC)
- Pale Colour
- Tense and Relax quickly
- Can generate large amounts of tension with relatively low endurance levels
- Act at a rate 2-3 times faster
Ex. Short sprints, powerlifting and explosive jumping