Unit 14 - Nutrition

Question 1

Macromolecules

Answer 1

Largest Part of food we eat and supply us with energy
1. Protein 2. Carbohydrate 3. Fats

Question 2

Micronutrients

Answer 2

Small amounts of food to transfer energy
1. Vitamins 2. Minerals 3. Water

Question 3

Carbohydrates

Answer 3

Simple Sugars: White bread, pasta, rice and chocolate (high glycemic index)
Complex carbohydrates: Whole Grain

Question 4

Protein

Answer 4

Tissue Pair (Amino Acids, 20AA’s)
ex. Chicken, Fish, Egg, Cheese, Beans, Chickpeas, Soya, Lentils
- 4 Cals / Gram

Question 5

Fats

Answer 5

Energy Storage (Insulation/Cushioning)
- 9 Cals / Gram
- Saturated (Animals)
- Unsaturated (Plant)
- Trans (Man made)

Question 6

Vitamins

Answer 6

• Fat Soluble (A,D,E,K)
• Water Soluble (B1, B3, B6, B12, C)

Question 7

Minerals

Answer 7

all different functions
ex. Potassium (K), Iron (Fe), Calcium (Ca), Zinc (Zn), Magnesium (Mg)

Question 8

Water

Answer 8

Stay hydrated

Question 9

Basal metabolic rate (BMR)

Answer 9

term used when MR is measured using rigorous (laboratory) conditions, typically 12 to 14 hours after the last meal, with the individual completely at rest (but not asleep), and a background temperature of 26 to 30°C.

Question 9

Energy Storage Equation

Answer 9

Energy Storage = Energy intake – Energy output

Question 10

Calorie

Answer 10

amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of pure water by 1°C
- 1 gram of carbohydrate provides 4 calories
- 1 gram of protein provides 4 calories
- 1 gram of fat provides 9 calories

Question 11

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

Answer 11

an estimate of metabolic rate under less rigorous conditions

Question 12

Daily caloric need (DCN)

Answer 12

amount of calories we need to maintain an “energy balance”

Question 13

Why do Diets Fail?

Answer 13

Yo-yo dieting, commitment, expenses, “fads” and trends… etc.