Unit 7 - B Flashcards
Which of the following dimensional quantities is associated with both repeatability and temporal locus
a. IRT
b. Temporal extent
c. Latency
d. Duration
a. IRT
An example of discontinuous measurement would be the recording of
a. The total duration of self-injury per day
b. Whether or not Bryn is playing appropriately when a timer goes off
c. A change in rate across 5 consecutive days
d. All instances of aggression during one hour
b. Whether or not Bryn is playing appropriately when a timer goes off
Estimate the IRT given a rate of 20 instances of aggression during one hour
a. 10 minutes
b. .33 minutes
c. 2 minutes
d. 3 minutes
d. 3 minutes
Wendy is collecting data on short duration, but high intensity, aggression of a client. Provided there are adequate data collectors, which of the following would be the best data collection system?
a. Partial interval recording
b. Frequency recording
c. PLACHECK
d. Momentary time sampling
b. Frequency recording
Marcia’s behavior program for Andre targets 3 behaviors for reduction: self-injury, elopement, and tantrums. Currently Andre engages in each of these behaviors no more than a few times per week. Marcia is considering using a single graph to display data for all three behaviors. She should…
a. Not graph the targets on the same graph because they are all deceleration targets
b. Consider graphing on a single graph with differently scaled y-axes
c. Graph the targets on one graph with a single Y-axis
d. Not graph the targets on the same graph as this is not typically done
c. Graph the targets on one graph with a single Y-axis
Which of the following is a good example of including a behavioral dimension as part of a response definition?
a. Compliance: Following an instruction from a teacher without whining or frowning
b. Tantrum: Any two of the following behaviors occurring together: Aggression, screaming, property destruction, wetting pants, jumping
c. Compliance: Following a directive from a teacher within 30 seconds of the verbal instruction
d. All of these are examples of including a dimension of behavior as part of a response definition
c. Compliance: Following a directive from a teacher within 30 seconds of the verbal instruction
Which of the following is the closest to the definition of “restrictive procedures” provided in the lecture by Dr. Wine?
a. A behavior program that reduces an individual’s access to all reinforcers, and results in a decrease in self-injurious behavior.
b. A procedure designed to decelerate behavior or protect individuals that temporarily limits movement or access to reinforcers
c. A procedure to keep an individual from hurting others and prevents access to the immediate environment
d. A temporary increase in choice activities that decreases aggressive or destructive behavior
b. A procedure designed to decelerate behavior or protect individuals that temporarily limits movement or access to reinforcers
Which of the following must be tracked and graphed?
a. Prompts used to evoke a response
b. All uses of a partition timeout
c. Occurrences of reinforcer delivery
d. Occurrences of appropriate behavior
b. All uses of a partition timeout
An emergency procedure is most closely defined in the lecture as:
a. A procedure that is part of a behavior plan designed to decrease problem behavior
b. A procedure that is not in a behavior plan and is designed to protect an individual
c. A procedure that is in a behavior plan and is designed to protect the individual
d. A procedure that involves calling emergency personnel
b. A procedure that is not in a behavior plan and is designed to protect an individual
Using a physically restrictive emergency procedure would be inappropriate when an individual is repeatedly engaging in which of the following target behaviors?
a. Eye gouging self-injury
b. Attempts to swallow bleach
c. Extremely loud screaming
d. Punching and kicking at peers
c. Extremely loud screaming
Cumulative records can be used:
a. Within sessions only
b. Between sessions only
c. Both within and between sessions
d. In an automated format only
c. Both within and between sessions
The first step in conducting trials-to-criterion is:
a. Decide how to report the data on trials
b. Record the count as the measure
c. Present data
d. Determine what one trial will be
d. Determine what one trial will be
Trials-to-criterion are typically used to:
a. Evaluate behavior reduction procedures
b. Assess the efficacy of different teaching strategies
c. Assess maintaining variables
d. Track the use of restrictive procedures
b. Assess the efficacy of different teaching strategies
Discrete categorization is primarily:
a. A method to classify responses
b. A teaching strategy
c. A method to categorize deceleration responses
d. A consequence-based intervention
a. A method to classify responses
Which of the following is the best use of discrete categorization?
a. Number of trials required to achieve a set mastery criterion
b. Level of independence on each step in a shoe-tying task.
c. Appropriate tacts versus inappropriate tacts
d. Number of occurrences of elopement from class
b. Level of independence on each step in a shoe-tying task.
A measure of probability can range from:
a. 0 to 100
b. 0 to 1
c. -.99 to +.99
d. 1 to 2
b. 0 to 1
A behavior analyst would most likely use a statement of probability to express:
a. How severe an event is likely to be
b. The future effect of a consequence
c. The level of an abolishing operation
d. How likely an event is to occur
d. How likely an event is to occur
A probability of .6 indicates that a behavior is …
a. Not enough information to determine
b. About 6% likely
c. About 60% likely
d. Less than 1% likely
c. About 60% likely
Calculating a percentage requires data on
a. A behavior targeted for deceleration
b. Multiple observations or trials
c. At least one observations
d. A group of clients
b. Multiple observations or trials
Which of the following is always presented as a percent?
a. Latency of a response
b. Any target for deceleration
c. Dimensional quantities
d. Inter observer agreement (IOA)
d. Inter observer agreement (IOA)
Using a percentage to track behavior change has all of the following limitations except:
a. Percentages based on very few observations can easily give a false impression of the actual amount of a particular target behavior
b. Percentages are overly mathematical and not usually accurate representations of actual data
c. Comparing different percentages between widely different observation periods or numbers of trials does not promote accurate analysis
d. A percentage measure does not represent an actual dimension of behavior
b. Percentages are overly mathematical and not usually accurate representations of actual data
Wolfie’s “huffing and puffing” behavior is followed almost immediately by significant property destruction for approximately 80 percent of occurrences of “huffing and puffing”. Thus, “huffing and puffing” behavior
a. Is a reasonably reliable precursor to property destruction
b. Is a reasonably reliable antecedent to property destruction
c. Has a probability of 80
d. All of these answers are correct
a. Is a reasonably reliable precursor to property destruction
Which of the following is an example of a median?
a. The difference between the high and low test scores
b. The most frequently observed test score
c. The sum of tests scores divided by the number of observations
d. The middle value in a set of test scores
d. The middle value in a set of test scores
If a data set has one or two significant outliers, a behavior analyst may choose to report the X rather than the Y .
a. X = Mode Y = Mean
b. X = Mean Y = Median
c. X = Median Y = Mean
d. X = Mode Y = Median
c. X = Median Y = Mean
The Pareto Principle may be stated as:
a. 80% of revenue comes from 20% of customers
b. 60% of revenue comes from 40% of customers
c. 50% of revenue comes from 50% of customers
d. 70% of revenue comes from 30% of customers
a. 80% of revenue comes from 20% of customers
The Pareto Principle can be potentially useful to behavior analysts in that it
a. Allows for screening all clients regarding the required level of service
b. Provides conclusive evidence for functional assessments
c. Enables one to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention
d. May provide information on where to focus intervention resources
d. May provide information on where to focus intervention resources
Reviewing archival data can help in the behavior analytic process by…
a. Providing potential baseline data
b. Promoting the collection of on-going data
c. Allowing for the evaluation of new interventions
d. Reviewing archival data is not generally useful, but regulations may require it.
a. Providing potential baseline data
Which of the following is a key problem associated with survey data
a. Surveys are only useful with a large group of survey respondents
b. Survey interpretation requires complex statistical analysis
c. Typically the truthfulness of responses can not be accurately assessed
d. Individuals are likely to provide far too much information
c. Typically the truthfulness of responses can not be accurately assessed
An observational study is one in which:
a. An antecedent-based structural analysis is conducted
b. Relationships between variables are observed but not manipulated
c. Individuals observe video of their own performance as feedback
d. Inter observer agreement is tracked and analyzed
b. Relationships between variables are observed but not manipulated
In regard to variability in data, behavior analysts should expect…
a. Little to no difference in variability between samples
b. A large amount of variability in every sample
c. At least some variability in almost every data sets
d. Little to no variability in most data sets
c. At least some variability in almost every data sets
Variability is typically assessed in behavior analysis via:
a. Statistical analysis
b. Qualitative review
c. Archival review
d. Visual analysis
d. Visual analysis
In using statistical process control (SPC) we would want to intervene if _____ is identified
a. Statistically significant measures are identified
b. A measure falls outside of four standard deviations
c. Common cause variation
d. Special cause variation
d. Special cause variation
Using SPC to monitor data over time is especially important when:
a. The analyst provides services to the same individuals over a long period of time
b. The analyst provides services to numerous individuals
c. The individuals on the analyst’s caseload engage in high-rate problem behavior
d. Clients rotate on and off the behavior analyst’s caseload quickly
a. The analyst provides services to the same individuals over a long period of time
