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apush > unit 7 (1890-1945) > Flashcards

unit 7 (1890-1945) Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Imperialism

A

the economic and political. domination of a strong nation over a weaker one

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2
Q

What forms did Imperialism take?

A

Annexation, Colonialism, Occupation, and Informal (threat of manipulation/intervention, economic and political control)

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3
Q

What are the Motivations of Imperialism?

A

The “6 Ds”:
-Destiny
- Darwinism
- Defense
- Dollars
- Democracy
- The Deity

Influence of Turner Thesis / safety valve theory

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4
Q

Destiny

A

A global scale version of Manifest Destiny

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5
Q

Darwinism

A

Social darwinism, dominate weakest nations - survival of the fittest

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6
Q

Defense

A

Global competition, other nations get stronger through colonialism - have to keep up to maintain power

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7
Q

Dollars

A

Trade/economic markets

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8
Q

Democracy

A

Give nations democracy - “it’s good for them”

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9
Q

The Deity

A

In the name of White Christian civilization

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10
Q

Turner Thesis

A

Concluded that the West (Frontier) personified the story of America. He displayed the importance of how the Frontier line had always sparked individual strength and democracy.

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11
Q

What group criticized Imperalism?

A

the Anti-Imperialist League

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12
Q

What reasons supported the criticism of Imperialism?

A

Went against everything the Declaration of Independence mentions, repeat steps of Britain

-threatened our democratic foundations and rejected the idea of “liberty for all” by denying liberty to the natives of newly acquired territories.

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13
Q

Cuban Revolution

A

A movement, inspired by American Revolution, yearned for freedom - rejection of imperialist colonial rule from afar

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14
Q

Spanish-American War

A

a conflict between Spain and America in 1898 over control of Cuba. The American victory in the Spanish–American War led to the U.S. acquisition of island territories in the Caribbean and the Pacific,
an increase in involvement in Asia, and the suppression of a nationalist movement in
the Philippines.

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15
Q

Yellow journalism

A

a style of newspaper reporting that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers.

one of many factors that helped push the United States and Spain into war in Cuba and the Philippines

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16
Q

Jingoism

A

Superpatriotic supporters of the expansion and use of military power

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17
Q

Philippines American War

A

The United States to turn control back over to Filipinos people in 1907 and promised to grant the them independence in 1916.

fueled a bitter national debate over U.S. involvement overseas

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18
Q

Spanish-American War initially instigated by

A

Cuba campaign

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19
Q

Teller Amendment

A

declared that the US had no intention of taking political control of Cuba and that, once peace was restored to the island, the Cuban people would control their own government

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20
Q

Platt Amendment

A

barred Cuba from making treaties with other nations and gave the U.S. the right to interfere in Cuba to preserve independence

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21
Q

Open Door Policy

A

the proposition to keep trade in China open equally to trade with all countries, preventing any one nation from controlling trade in the region

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22
Q

Roosevelt Corollary

A

the United States would intervene in the financial affairs of Latin America whenever necessary in order to prevent European nations from having any form of economic hold over them.

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23
Q

Progressive Era

A

an era of intense social and political reform aimed at making progress toward a better society.

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24
Q

Muckrakers

A

Popular journalists who used publicity to expose corruption and attack abuses of power in business and government.

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25
Q

Square Deal

A

President Theodore Roosevelt’s domestic program formed upon three basic ideas: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection

  • Essentially: promised protections for consumers, workers, and the environment.
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26
Q

What events occurred during the Progressive Era?

A

protections for workers and consumers were strengthened, and women finally achieved the right to vote.

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27
Q

What was the dark side of progressivism?

A

promoted discriminatory policies and espoused intolerant ideas.

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28
Q

Immigration Act of 1917

A

required a literacy test for new immigrants entering the US and barred immigration from most of the Asian-Pacific area

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29
Q

Sixteenth Amendment

A

established a federal income tax

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30
Q

Seventeenth Amendment

A

allowed for the direct election of Senators,

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31
Q

the Eighteenth Amendment

A

prohibited sales of alcohol

32
Q

Nineteenth Amendment

A

guaranteed women the right to vote.

33
Q

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

A

created the Food and Drug Administration to guarantee the safety and purity of all food products and pharmaceuticals

34
Q

Who rose to presidency after the assassination of William McKinley

A

Theodore Roosevelt

35
Q

In foreign policy, what did Roosevelt advocate for?

A

advocated for a stronger army and navy, and increased American intervention in Latin America

36
Q

Rough Riders

A

Theodore Roosevelt formed the Rough Riders (volunteers) to fight in the Spanish- American War in Cuba. They charged up San Juan Hill during the battle of Santiago. It made Roosevelt popular.

37
Q

What did Roosevelt propose in his foreign policy?

A

that the United States build a canal across Central America in order to secure dominance of the seas

38
Q

How was the Panama Canal created and established?

A

Colombia rejected the American terms for control of a canal across the isthmus of Panama

US navy helped rebels in the region break free of Colombia and establish the new nation of Panama.

The Panamanians gladly accepted American terms for the new Panama Canal.

39
Q

Meat Inspection Act of 1906 and the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

A

required the federal inspection of meats and prevented canned foods or pharmaceuticals from being contaminated or mislabeled

40
Q

Who won the election of 1912?

A

Woodrow Wilson

41
Q

WWI

A

World War One, also known as the Great War, was a global conflict that took place from 1914 to 1918. It involved many of the world’s leading powers divided into two opposing alliances: the Allies (including France, Russia, and the United Kingdom) and the Central Powers (mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey).

42
Q

WWI Causes

A

MAIN:
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism

  • Sparked chaos: the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary
43
Q

What was President Wilson’s reaction to the start of WWI?

A

Declared Neutrality despite American economy benefitting selling war supplies (especially to Allied powers)

44
Q

When and why did America enter WWI?

A

1917: Germany continued using unrestricted submarine warfare on American merchant ships + Zimmerman Telegram

45
Q

Zimmerman Telegram

A

intercepted dispatch in which German foreign secretary Arthur Zimmerman urged Mexico to join the Central Powers and promised that if the United States entered the war, Germany would help Mexico recover Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona.

46
Q

Espionage Act

A

Made illegal to share info that interfered with the war and safeguarded against spying

47
Q

Sedition Act

A

Banned “Disloyal” language against gov and military

48
Q

Wilson’s 14 Points

A

Created in hopes of preventing another global crisis

most ignored (except League of Nations) in Treaty of Versailles - Brit + France wanted to punish Germany

49
Q

Who opposed the League of Nations and why?

A

Senate reservationist Henry Cabot Lodge - disagreed with idea that required countries to join League of Nations (feared another global conflict, favored isolationism)

50
Q

NAACP

A

Fight for equality, justice, and rights for African Americans

51
Q

The Great Migration

A

African Americans leaving south to move north in search of job and freedom opportunities, left oppressive Jim Crow Laws

52
Q

Double Victory Campaign

A

Victory abroad in the fight against fascism and victory at home over racism and inequality

53
Q

When did the Roaring 20’s take place

A

After WWI

54
Q

What characterized the Roaring 20’s

A

Rapid economic growth + culture of consumerism

55
Q

Red Scare

A

Afriad of Communists coming into country –> increased nativism

56
Q

1921 Emergency Quota Act

A

First immigration quota in America

57
Q

1924 National Origins Act

A

Made quota lower, reducing immigrants from Souther/Eastern Europe + Asia

58
Q

What was one of the causes of the economic growth in the 1920’s

A

Expansion of consumer credit and unregulated banking practices

59
Q

Black Tuesday

A

Official start of Great Depression

60
Q

Dust Bowl

A

Forced farmers to migrate in search of work

61
Q

President Herbert Hoover’s involvement in Great Depression

A

Continue Laissez Faire policies, but homelessness and unemployment continued to rise

Created Reconstruction Finance Corpse

62
Q

Reconstruction Finance Corpse

A

Provided loans and create jobs

63
Q

Who won election in 1932?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt

64
Q

New Deal

A

a series of programs and projects instituted during the Great Depression by President Franklin D. Roosevelt that aimed to restore prosperity to Americans.

65
Q

Fireside Chats

A

Used radio to connect w public, rebuild confidence in government

66
Q

Agricultural Adjustment Act

A

Offered farmers subsides for limiting production of certain crops

67
Q

Federal Emergency Relief Act

A

Allowed gov to provide grants to states for economic relief

68
Q

What forced America to join WW2

A

Attack on Pearl Harbor in Dec 7 1941

69
Q

Executive Order 9066

A

Forced Japanese Americans into internment camps for duration of war

70
Q

Korematsu v. U.S.

A

Upheld the constitutionality of the forced internment of Japanese Americans

71
Q

Tusk Airmen

A

first black pilots in armed forces

72
Q

Women’s Army Corp

A

Women allowed to serve in military, variety of non-combat positions

73
Q

D-Day

A

Allied invasion of Normandy, France on June 6,1944

-aided by Dwight D Eisenhower

74
Q

Island hopping

A

Military strat in pacific theater, focused on capturing islands to gradually advance towards Japan

75
Q

Who took over after Franklin D. Roosevelt’s death?

A

Henry Truman

76
Q

What was Truman’s involvement in WW2?

A

Approved use of atomic bomb, unconditional surrender from Japan

77
Q

Significance of mass media

A

Radio and cinema contributed to the spread of national culture as well as greater awareness of regional cultures.

apush (9 decks)

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