Unit 6 Urban FRQ Flashcards
CBD trad
Low residential density.
According to bid-rent theory, retail and services outbid
industry and residential land use because they require an
easily accessible location to meet range and threshold
requirements.
CBD recent
Incr. density. CBD becoming more attractive to young
urban prof./empty nesters unconcerned about schools,
space, home upkeep, etc. Attracted to proximity to work and other amenities such as culture (museums theatre),
entertainment, restaurants, nightlife, etc.
CBD trad
Low residential density.
According to bid-rent theory, retail and services outbid
industry and residential land use because they require an
easily accessible location to meet range and threshold
requirements.
zone of Transition trad
Relatively low res. density as ind.
outbids res. for location near RR hubs near the CBD. Some pockets of residential density of immigrants (succession) living in tenements, filtered housing (older, larger, deteriorating homes in inner city subdivided and occupied high density by successive waves of low income residents). Industry, Factories, warehouses
zone of Transition recent
Gentrification incr. residential density. Deindustrialization → Factories and warehouses repurposed as residential (Navy Pier).
working Class Homes trad
1st zone where residences outbid services/industry (highest traditional residential density). Intensive residential land use - apts., two/three flats (multi-family housing). Point of Entry neighborhoods (where immigrants/migrants first enter and succession occurs). Blue collar workers in industry
working Class Homes recent
Decr. density (3 major reasons). 1) With gentrification
multi-family units converted to single-family, less children
2) Public housing projects demolished
3) low-income/high crime areas
suffer from depopulation and abandonment as residents move to suburbs, out-migration
middle Class Homes trad
As distance from CBD increases land prices decrease. Residents can afford single family homes with small yards, garages (ex. Bungalows)
middle class Homes recent
Incr. poverty from Great Inversion (gentrification pushes poor out of city). Density remains relatively stable from prior periods. Mostly “filled in”, people/families move in, people/families move out, smaller families overall. No dramatic changes. But some multi-family housing being built (apts) and TODs (Transit Oriented Development) being built
Commuter Zone trad
Distance from CBD leads to cheap land prices (bid-rent theory) which allows large lots and homes. Density is low.
Commuter Zone recent
Incr. density/Urban sprawl. 1) Suburbanization = more pop. in suburbs, empty areas filled in
2) Industrial edge cities require industrial worker housing = more apartment complexes being built.
3) New urbanism (urban planning, combat urban sprawl, make more walkable, compact, mixed use neighborhoods, preserve agr land) design stresses higher density housing in development near commuter hubs
Rings 1-5 of concentric zone model in increasing order
CBD, Zone of Transition, Working Class Homes, Middle Class Homes, Commuter Zone
rank size rule
; pop of settlement is inversely proportional to its rank compared to largest city
Ex. NYC has pop of 8.4 while L.A. 3.6
what does “regular” hierarchy suggest
“regular” hierarchy implies higher and more evenly dist. wealth can support services and infrastructure outside of dominant city = MDCs
Primate city
leading city is disproportionately (» 2x) larger than other cities. Ex. Ex Mexico City vs. Guadalajara
what does primate city suggest
“irregular” = low wealth, so services cluster in 1 place = LDCs
highly centralized, dominates, must access services in large city.
primate city that’s MDC
London, U.K. UK has London as a global city, history for being a hub for global trade and investment, hearth of industrial revolution, colonization, naval power
Hamlet services
daily necessities (“low order” goods/services)
- gas, bread, milk, cigarettes
- convenience store, gas station
Village services
short range, small threshold
weekly needs
- hardware store, post office, dry cleaner, elementary school, diner
Town services
medium range and threshold
occasional use
- medical services (doctor, dentist, clinic), movie theater, restaurant, high schools (buses), etc.
City services
long range and threshold (“high order” goods/services), special occasions
- sporting events, concerts, specialists, surgery, luxury retail
