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Wind Biology > Unit 6 Review > Flashcards

Unit 6 Review Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which system includes skin, hair and nails?

A

integumentary

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2
Q

What are the functions of the muscular system?

A

movement of skeleton, blood and food in the digestive system

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3
Q

What are the functions of the circulatory system?

A

transport molecules (oxygen, hormones, nutrients) throughout the body, remove waste, regulate temperature

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4
Q

Which system is primarily responsible for the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen?

A

respiratory

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5
Q

What are the organs of the excretory system?

A

kidney, urinary bladder, urethra, ureters, skin and lungs

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6
Q

What are the functions of the lymphatic and immune systems?

A

protection from disease, return lost fluid to the circulatory system

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7
Q

How is it possible for an organ to belong to more than one system?

A

An organ can have more than one function Ex. Lungs take in oxygen (respiratory) and remove carbon dioxide (excretory)

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8
Q

What is the body’s most important nonspecific defense?

A

skin

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9
Q

Which two body systems are responsible for regulation of body functions?

A

endocrine and nervous

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10
Q

What is the term for the ability to maintain stable internal conditions independent of the conditions that exist in the environment?

A

homeostasis

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11
Q

How does your integumentary system maintain homeostasis in hot and cold temperatures?

A

hot–sweat, blood vessels dilate cold–“goosebumps,” shiver, blood vessels contract

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12
Q

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

A

structural support, protection, movement, store minerals, make blood cells

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13
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle?

A

smooth, skeletal, and cardiac (heart)

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14
Q

Name 4 organs of the skeletal system.

A

bones, cartilage, ligaments, tendons

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15
Q

What are the 2 functions of the excretory system?

A

remove waste products and maintain homeostasis

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16
Q

How are the lytic and lysogenic cycles different?

A

lytic cycle bursts the host cell right away, but the lysogenic cycle becomes part of the host cell DNA and can remain dormant for years

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17
Q

What are 3 roles of bacteria in the environment?

A

nitrogen fixation, photosynthesis, nutrient recycling

18
Q

List 3 reasons viruses are not considered to be alive.

A

cannot metabolize their own energy, can only reproduce inside a host cell, and are not made of cells

19
Q

List and describe the steps of the lytic cycle.

A

attachment–virus attaches to host cell membrane entry–virus injects nucleic acid into host cell replication and assembly–host cell makes virus particles release–host cell bursts and releases virus particles

20
Q

What is the term for a virus that infects bacteria?

A

bacteriophage

21
Q

This is a simple form of sexual reproduction in bacteria.

A

conjugation

22
Q

What do living cells and viruses both contain?

A

nucleic acids

23
Q

What is the purpose of an endospore?

A

protects the bacterium in an unfavorable environment

24
Q

What are the 2 parts of a virus?

A

capsid (protein coat) and DNA/RNA (nucleic acid)

25
Q

What is the term for asexual reproduction in bacteria?

A

binary fission

26
Q

Name 3 ways bacteria can be classified.

A

shape, movement, how they obtain energy

27
Q

What is this bacterial shape?

A

coccus

28
Q

What is this bacterial shape?

A

bacillus

29
Q

What is this bacterial shape?

A

spirillum

30
Q

How are eubacteria and archaebacteria alike?

A

unicellular, prokaryotic, have cell walls

31
Q

How are eubacteria and archaebacteria different?

A

cell wall composition and location (archaebacteria live in extreme environments)

32
Q

What does a virus need in order to reproduce?

A

host cell

33
Q

Describe virus size in general and in relation to other viruses.

A

They are all tiny in general, but compared to each other, they vary greatly in size and structure.

34
Q

What does it mean when we say a virus is host specific?

A

they are only able to infect certain cells because the capsid must fit the host cell

35
Q

What type of disease can be treated with antibiotics?

A

bacterial

36
Q

What happens in your bloodstream when you are given a vaccination?

A

You develop the ability to form antibodies to that specific disease.

37
Q

What is the effect of refrigeration on bacteria?

A

slows reproduction

38
Q

Which cells are targeted by HIV?

A

helper T cells

39
Q

What is the best defense against pathogens in your food?

A

cooking

40
Q

What is the benefit of having memory B cells against a certain pathogen?

A

You are less likely to have the disease again.

Wind Biology (10 decks)

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