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Wind Biology > Unit 4 Review > Flashcards

Unit 4 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

The name of Darwin’s work

A

On the Origin of Species

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2
Q

Lamarck’s theory of evolution

A

Organisms evolve based on the use and disuse of organs. They are able to pass acquired traits to their offspring.

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3
Q

Structures with different functions but common origins

A

anatomical homology Ex. whale flipper and bat wing

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4
Q

Structure that may have been used by an ancestor but no longer has a function

A

vestigial structure Ex. whale pelvis, human appendix

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5
Q

When the average form of a trait has the highest fitness

A

stabilizing selection

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6
Q

Consists of all the genes including all different alleles in a population

A

gene pool

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7
Q

What determines if a new mutation becomes common or disappears?

A

whether or not the mutation increases the organism’s fitness in the environment

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8
Q

The name of the super continent

A

Pangaea

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9
Q

Kingdom of eukaryotic organisms that are multicellular, mobile and heterotrophic

A

animalia

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10
Q

What distinguishes a protist from a bacterium?

A

Protists have nuclei.

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11
Q

Levels of classification from most general to most specific

A

(domain) kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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12
Q

Drastic changes create new species followed by little change

A

punctuated equilibrium

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13
Q

When one end of the bell curve (one extreme) has the highest fitness

A

directional selection

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14
Q

Causes random change in allele frequencies

A

genetic drift

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15
Q

Populations are separated by time of breeding/pollination

A

temporal isolation

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16
Q

Evolutionary innovations that separate groups in a cladogram

A

derived characters

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17
Q

Species are created at a constant rate

A

gradualism

18
Q

Kingdom of eukaryotic, multicellular, nonmobile and autotrophic organisms

A

plantae

19
Q

Which taxon contains organisms that are the most closely related?

A

species

20
Q

Kingdom of prokaryotic unicellular organisms with peptodoglycan in their cell walls

A

eubacteria

21
Q

When both ends of the bell curve have high fitness

A

diversifying selection

22
Q

Another name for survival of the fittest

A

natural selection

23
Q

Populations are separated by different behaviors or mating rituals

A

behavioral isolation

24
Q

Requirement for the formation of a new species

A

reproductive isolation

25
Q

Natural selection works on _____.

A

populations

26
Q

Populations are separated by physical barriers such as a mountain or river

A

geographic isolation

27
Q

Formation of a new species

A

speciation

28
Q

Diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms

A

cladogram

29
Q

Kingdom of eukaryotic nonmobile heterotrophs

A

fungi

30
Q

Kingdom of prokaryotes that live in extreme environments

A

archaebacteria

31
Q

Kingdom that would contain a unicellular eukaryote

A

protista

32
Q

Which rock layer is on the top of a formation? Oldest or youngest?

A

youngest

33
Q

One species becomes many species

A

adaptive radiation Ex. Darwin’s finches

34
Q

Classification of organisms

A

taxonomy

35
Q

Anatomical, molecular and developmental homologies all point to a _____.

A

common ancestor

36
Q

What type of selection is demonstrated in this graph?

A

directional selection

37
Q

What type of selection is demonstrated in this graph?

A

stabilizing selection

38
Q

What type of selection is demonstrated in this graph?

A

diversifying selection

39
Q

Which two kingdoms contain only heterotrophs?

A

animalia and fungi

40
Q

Which two kingdoms have organisms that lack a nucleus?

A

eubacteria and archarbacteria

Wind Biology (10 decks)

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