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medical terminology > Unit 6: Digestive System > Flashcards

Unit 6: Digestive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

cholangi/o

A

Bile vessel

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1
Q

chol/e

A

Bile, gall

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2
Q

Cholecyst/o

A

gallbladder

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3
Q

Choledoch/o

A

bile duct

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4
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition

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5
Q

-prandial

A

meal

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6
Q

Ba

A

Barium

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7
Q

BE

A

barium enema; below the elbow

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8
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

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9
Q

CA

A

cancer

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10
Q

Ca

A

Calcium, cancer

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11
Q

cm

A

centimeter

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12
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

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13
Q

Dx

A

diagnosis

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14
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

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15
Q

ESWL

A

extracorpeal shock-wave lithotripsy

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16
Q

FBS

A

fasting blood sugar

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17
Q

FH

A

family history

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18
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

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19
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

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20
Q

GTT

A

glucose tolerance test

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21
Q

HAV

A

hepatitis A virus

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22
Q

HBV

A

Hepatitis B virus

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23
Q

HF

A

Heart failure

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24
Q

IBD

A

Inflammatory bowel disease

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25
Q

IVC

A

intravenous cholangiogram

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26
Q

LES

A

Lower esophageal sphincter

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27
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

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28
Q

OR

A

Operating room

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29
Q

RGB

A

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

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30
Q

RUQ

A

right upper quadrant

31
Q

UGI

A

upper gastrointestinal

32
Q

UGIS

A

Upper gastrointestinal series

33
Q

US

A

ultrasound

34
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix

35
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity

36
Q

borborygmus

A

gurgling or rumbling sound heard over the lg intestine caused by gas

37
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic liver disease, destruction of liver cells, leads to ineffective liver function and jaundice

38
Q

diverticula disease

A

bulging pouches in the GI tract push through the mucosal lining through the surrounding muscle

39
Q

dysentery

A

inflammation of the intestine

40
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passage from one organ to another or from a hollow organ to the surface

41
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease

A

back flow of gastric contents into the esophagus due to malfunction of the lower esophageal sphincter

42
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of stools containing bright red blood

43
Q

hemorrhoid

A

mass of enlarged twisted varicose veins inside the rectum; piles

44
Q

hernia

A

projection of an organ through the wall of a cavity

45
Q

inflammatory bowel disease

A

ulceration if the colon mucosa

46
Q

crohn disease

A

chronic IBD that usually affects the ileum

47
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

chronic IBD of the colon, episodes of diarrhea, rectal bleeding and pain

48
Q

Irritable bowel syndrome

A

Diarrhea, gas, bloating; spastic colon

49
Q

jaundice

A

yellow discoloration of the skin, mucous membranes, etc., caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood

50
Q

obesity

A

Increase of 20 percent or more above ideal body weight

51
Q

Morbid obesity

A

BMI of 40 or greater; 100 pounds over ideal body weight

52
Q

polyp

A

small benign growth that projects from a mucous membrane surface

53
Q

colonic polyposis

A

condition in which polyps project from mucous membranes on the colon

54
Q

polyposis

A

polyps develop in the intestinal tract

55
Q

ulcer

A

open sore of the skin or mucous membrane accompanied by sloughing of necrotic tissue

56
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the bowel on itself, causes obstruction

57
Q

barium enema

A

radiographic exam of the rectum and colon after administration of barium sulfate into the rectum

58
Q

barium swallow

A

radiographic exam of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine after oral admission of barium sulfate; upper GI series

59
Q

Computed Tomography

A

narrow beam of x rays, rotate in a full arc around patient

60
Q

endoscopy

A

visual exam of a cavity or canal using an endoscope

61
Q

Upper GI

A

endoscopy of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum

62
Q

lower GI

A

endoscopy of colon, sigmoid colon, rectum and anal canal

63
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

A

radiographic technique uses electromagnetic energy to produce multiplanar cross section images of the body

64
Q

stool guaiac

A

test on feces to detect presence of blood; hemoccult test

65
Q

bariatric surgery

A

group of procedures that treat morbid obesity

66
Q

vertical banded gastroplasty

A

bariatric surgery upper stomach is stapled to reduce it to a small pouch

67
Q

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

A

bariatric surgery stomach is stapled and jejunum is shortened and connected to small stomach pouch

68
Q

lithotripsy

A

eliminating a stone within the gallbladder by crushing the stone surgically

69
Q

extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy

A

use of shock we’ve as a noninvasive method to destroy stones

70
Q

nasogastric intubation

A

insertion of a nasogastric tube through the nose into the stomach

71
Q

antacids

A

neutralize acids in the stomach

72
Q

antidiarrheals

A

control loose stools and relieve diarrhea

73
Q

antiemetics

A

control nausea and vomiting by blockin nerve impulses to the vomiting center of the brain

74
Q

laxatives

A

relieve constipation

medical terminology (11 decks)

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