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Medical Terminology > Unit 10: Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Unit 10: Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

What does AIDS stand for?

A

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome

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1
Q

What does AE stand for?

A

Above the elbow

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2
Q

What does AK stand for?

A

Above the knee

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3
Q

What does AP stand for?

A

Anteroposterior

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4
Q

what does BE stand for?

A

Below the elbow

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5
Q

What does BK stand for

A

Below the knee

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6
Q

what does CTS stand for?

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome

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7
Q

What does Fx mean?

A

Fracture

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8
Q

What does HD stand for?

A

Hemodialysis

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9
Q

What does HNP stand for?

A

Herniated nucleus pulposus

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10
Q

What does IM mean?

A

Intramuscular

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11
Q

What does MG stand for?

A

myasthenia gravis

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12
Q

What does ORTH or Ortho mean?

A

Orthopedics

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13
Q

What does RA stand for?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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14
Q

What does THR stand for?

A

Total hip replacement

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15
Q

What does TKR mean?

A

Total knee replacement

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16
Q

What is muscular dystrophy?

A

Hereditary diseases characterized by gradual atrophy and weakness of muscle tissue

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17
Q

What is myasthenia gravis?

A

autoimmune neuromuscular disorder; severe muscular weakness, progressive fatigue

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18
Q

What is a closes fracture?

A

bone is broken with no open wound

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19
Q

What is an open fracture?

A

Broken end of bone pierces the skin

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20
Q

What is a green stick fracture?

A

Usually in children, bone bends rather than actually breaking

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21
Q

What is a comminuted fracture?

A

Bone is broken into pieces

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22
Q

What is an impacted fracture?

A

Broken ends of bone are forced into one another

23
Q

What is a complicated fracture?

A

Extensive soft tissue damage, like when a rib pierces a lung

24
Q

What is a colles fracture?

A

Break at lower end of radius

25
Q

What is an incomplete fracture?

A

Line if fracture does not include the whole bone

26
Q

What are rotator cuff injuries?

A

Injures to the capsule of the shoulder joint

27
Q

What is a sprain?

A

Trauma to a joint causes injury to surrounding ligament

28
Q

What is a strain?

A

Trauma to a muscle from overuse

29
Q

What is talipes equinovarus?

A

congenital deformity of the foot

30
Q

What is tendinitis?

A

Inflammation of a tendon usually from injury or overuse

31
Q

What is torticollis?

A

Spastic contraction of the neck muscles

32
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Pain resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel

33
Q

What is a contracture?

A

Fibrosis of connective tissue in skin, muscle, or joint that prevents normal mobility

34
Q

What is crepitation?

A

sound made by movement of bone ends rubbing together

35
Q

What is Ewing sarcoma?

A

Malignant tumor that develops from bone marrow

36
Q

What is gout?

A

Hereditary disease, acute form of arthritis, excessive Uris acid in blood and around joint

37
Q

What is a herniated disk?

A

Herniation or rupture of the nucleus pulposus between 2 vertebrae

38
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

Bones become porous and brittle

39
Q

What is pager disease?

A

Skeletal disease effecting elderly people, chronic inflammation of bones

40
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Chronic, inflammatory disease affecting synovial membranes of joints, results in crippling deformities

41
Q

What is subluxation?

A

partial or complete dislocation

42
Q

What is sequestrum?

A

Fragment of necrosed bone that has become separated from surrounding tissue

43
Q

What is anklylosing spondylitis?

A

Chronic inflammatory disease, first affects the spine, loss of mobility in two or more vertebrae

44
Q

What is kyphosis?

A

hunchback

45
Q

What is lordosis?

A

Swayback posture

46
Q

What is scoliosis?

A

Sideways curvature of the spine left or right

47
Q

What is spondylisthesis?

A

Partial forward dislocation of one vertebrae over the one below it

48
Q

What is arthrocentesis?

A

Puncture of a joint to remove fluid

49
Q

What is rheumatoid factor?

A

Blood test to detect a substance present in people with RA

50
Q

What is arthroplasty?

A

Surgical replacement of a painful joint to restore mobility

51
Q

What is sequestrectomy?

A

Excision of sequestrum

52
Q

What are bone reabsorbtion inhibitors?

A

a gene that reduce the reabsorbtion of bone in the treatment of weak bones

53
Q

What are gold salts?

A

Agents that treat RA; inhibit activity in the immune system

54
Q

What’s are NSAIDs?

A

Drugs that reduce mild to moderate pain and reduce inflammation

55
Q

What does roentgen/o mean?

A

X rays

Medical Terminology (11 decks)

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