Unit 6 Cameron Winbush

Question 1

apportionment

Answer 1

the determination of the proportional number of members each US state sends to the House of Representatives, based on population figures.

The proceeds from the auction will be apportioned among the descendents.

Question 2

bicameral legislature

Answer 2

A bicameral legislature divides the legislators into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single group, and from some legislatures that have three or more separate assemblies, chambers, or houses.

The British parliament is a bicameral legislature,

Question 3

bill

Answer 3

an amount of money owed for goods supplied or services rendered, set out in a printed or written statement of charges.

the bill was passed by congress on April 20th, 2020

Question 4

cloture

Answer 4

Cloture, closure, or, informally, a guillotine is a motion or process in parliamentary procedure aimed at bringing debate to a quick end. The cloture procedure originated in the French National Assembly, from which the name is taken. Clôture is French for “the act of terminating something”.

A minimum of 16 senators must sign a petition for cloture.

Question 5

committee of the whole

Answer 5

The Committee of the Whole House is a committee of the House on which all Representatives serve and which meets in the House Chamber for the consideration of measures from the Union calendar. However, it is governed by different rules of procedure than the House meeting as itself.

A committee of the whole is a meeting of a deliberative assembly according to modified procedural rules based on those of a committee

Question 6

conference committee

Answer 6

A conference committee is a committee of the United States Congress appointed by the House of Representatives and Senate to resolve disagreements on a particular bill. A conference committee is usually composed of senior Members of the standing committees of each House that originally considered the legislation.

a conference committee may consider only those sections of a bill where differences between the two houses occur.

Question 7

congressional budget act of 1974

Answer 7

The 1974 Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act modified the role of Congress in the federal budgetary process. It created standing budget committees in both the House and the Senate, established the Congressional Budget Office, and moved the beginning of the fiscal year from July 1 to October 1.

An Act to establish a new congressional budget process; to establish Committees on the Budget in each House; to establish a Congressional Budget Office; to establish a procedure providing congressional control over the impoundment of funds by the executive branch; and for other purposes.

Question 8

congressional budget office

Answer 8

The Congressional Budget Office is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides budget and economic information to Congress.

CBO plays a vitally important role in the federal budget process. … The agency works most closely with the Congressional committees responsible for budget, appropriations, and tax legislation

Question 9

congressional Research service

Answer 9

The Congressional Research Service, known as Congress’s think tank, is a public policy research arm of the United States Congress. As a legislative branch agency within the Library of Congress, CRS works primarily and directly for Members of Congress, their Committees and staff on a confidential, nonpartisan basis.

The Congressional Research Service (CRS) works exclusively for the United States Congress, providing policy and legal analysis to committees and Members of both the House and Senate

Question 10

congressional review

Answer 10

The Congressional Review Act is a law that was enacted by the United States Congress under House Speaker Newt Gingrich as Subtitle E of the Contract with America Advancement Act of 1996 and signed into law by President Bill Clinton on March 29, 1996

The law empowers Congress to review, by means of an expedited legislative process, new federal regulations issued by government agencies and, by passage of a joint resolution, to overrule a regulation

Question 11

delegate

Answer 11

a person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference.

A delegate must be a member of the association.

Question 12

discharge petition

Answer 12

In United States parliamentary procedure, a discharge petition is a means of bringing a bill out of committee and to the floor for consideration without a report from the committee by “discharging” the committee from further consideration of a bill or resolution.

a discharge petition is a means of bringing a bill out of committee and to the floor for consideration without a report from the committee by “discharging” the committee from further consideration of a bill or resolution.

Question 13

divided government

Answer 13

is the term used in the USA to refer to the situation in which one party controls the presidency while the other party controls Congress. In other words, one party controls the executive while the other party controls the legislature.

a divided government exists when the presidency is controlled by one party and Congress is controlled by another party

Question 14

edmund burke

Answer 14

Edmund Burke was an Irish statesman born in Dublin, as well as an author, orator, political theorist and philosopher, who after moving to London in 1750 served as a member of parliament between 1766 and 1794 in the House of Commons with the Whig Party.

Edmund Burke had taken the subject races of India under the protection of his eloquence

Question 15

filibuster

Answer 15

A filibuster is a political procedure where one or more members of parliament or congress debate over a proposed piece of legislation so as to delay or entirely prevent a decision being made on the proposal.

A filibuster at the end of the 65th Congress caused the Senate to adjourn without confirming the appointment, but the President made him a “ recess “ appointee.

Question 16

gerrymandering

Answer 16

Gerrymandering is a practice intended to establish a political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries. The resulting district is known as a gerrymander; however, that word is also a verb for the process. The term gerrymandering has negative connotations

a gerrymander is a creation of a smaller voting district to take away votes from a particular candidate.

Question 17

government accountability office

Answer 17

The Government Accountability Office is a legislative branch government agency that provides auditing, evaluation, and investigative services for the United States Congress. It is the supreme audit institution of the federal government of the United States.

The GAO is now an independent, nonpartisan agency that investigates the use of taxpayer dollars

Question 18

hillary clinton

Answer 18

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton is an American politician, diplomat, and lawyer. She served as the 67th United States Secretary of State. A former U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, before that she was the First Lady of the United States.

Hillary Clinton served as the 67th United States Secretary of State

Question 19

hold

Answer 19

a hold is a parliamentary procedure permitted by the Standing Rules of the United States Senate which allows one or more Senators to prevent a motion from reaching a vote on the Senate floor.

one senator put a hold on several possible bills

Question 20

house committee on rules

Answer 20

The Committee on Rules, or more commonly, the Rules Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives. Rather than being responsible for a specific area of policy, as most other committees are, it is in charge of determining under what rule other bills will come to the floor.

The Rules Committee is a committee of the United States House of Representatives responsible for determining under what rule other Committee’s bills

Question 21

impeachment

Answer 21

Impeachment is the process by which a legislative body levels charges against a government official. It does not mean removal from office; it is only a statement of charges, akin to an indictment in criminal law.

the prosecutor’s detailed impeachment of the character witness

Question 22

incumbency

Answer 22

the holding of an office or the period during which one is held.

“during his incumbency he established an epidemic warning system”

Question 23

joint committee

Answer 23

a committee whose members are from two or more different organizations, or from both chambers of a bicameral legislative body (such as the US Congress).

“Fed Chairman Janet Yellen testifies Thursday before a congressional joint committee”

Question 24

logrolling

Answer 24

the practice of exchanging favors, especially in politics by reciprocal voting for each other’s proposed legislation.

“they have gained leverage on Capitol Hill by a talent for political logrolling”

Question 25

majority leader

Answer 25

the head of the majority party in a legislative body, especially the US Senate or House of Representatives.

He was the majority leader of this body in 1965-1966.

Question 26

majority party

Answer 26

a political party having electoral strength sufficient to permit it to win control of a government usually with comparative regularity and when defeated to constitute the principal opposition to the party in power.

The majority leader is often assisted in their role by whips, whose job is to enforce party discipline on votes deemed to be crucial by the party leadership and to ensure that members do not vote in a way not approved of by the party.

Question 27

markup

Answer 27

Markup is the ratio between the cost of a good or service and its selling price. It is expressed as a percentage over the cost. A markup is added into the total cost incurred by the producer of a good or service in order to cover the costs of doing business and create a profit.

This percentage is called the markup. If the cost is known and the percentage markup is known, the sale price is the original cost plus the amount of markup.

Question 28

minority leader

Answer 28

the head of the minority party in a legislative body, especially the US Senate or House of Representatives.

Party leaders and whips of the United States House of Representatives, also known as floor leaders, are elected by their respective parties in a closed-door caucus by secret ballot.

Question 29

minority party

Answer 29

A minor party is a political party that plays a smaller role than a major party in a country’s politics and elections. The difference between minor and major parties can be so great that the membership total, donations, and the candidates that they are able to produce or attract are very distinct

The minority leader is often assisted in his/her role by the minority party, whose job is to enforce party discipline on votes deemed to be crucial by the party leadership and to ensure that members do not vote against the position of the party leaders.

Question 30

party caucus

Answer 30

Party Caucus refers to a meeting that party members attend to decide policies and choose candidates to run for office. It is a group of leading politicians of one party. The political parties of the U.S. are chosen by this method. It is used to nominate individuals for the President and the Vice President.

Depending on the state, delegates are divided based on the caucus results, and sent to the national party convention to vote for their candidate on behalf of their state.

Question 31

pocket veto

Answer 31

an indirect veto of a legislative bill by the president or a governor by retaining the bill unsigned until it is too late for it to be dealt with during the legislative session.

A pocket veto is a legislative maneuver that allows a president or other official with veto power to exercise that power over a bill by taking no action.

Question 32

politico

Answer 32

Politico, known originally as The Politico, is an American political journalism company based in Arlington County, Virginia, that covers politics and policy in the United States and internationally. It distributes content through its website, television, printed newspapers, radio, and podcasts

Politico reported on the varying changes in the government as caused by the midterms.

Question 33

pork

Answer 33

Pork barrel is a metaphor for the appropriation of government spending for localized projects secured solely or primarily to bring money to a representative’s district. The usage originated in American English. In election campaigns, the term is used in derogatory fashion to attack opponents.

Pork-barrel legislation refers to appropriations of public funds by Congress or other legislative bodies for pet projects that serve the interests local districts these legislators represent, rather than the interests of the larger population.

Question 34

president pro tempore

Answer 34

a high-ranking senator of the majority party who presides over the US Senate in the absence of the vice president.

The President pro tempore of the United States Senate is the second-highest-ranking official of the United States Senate.

Question 35

programmatic requests

Answer 35

A programmatic request, sometimes referred to as a Member request, is guidance solicited by the House and Senate appropriations subcommittees from Members of Congress. Programmatic requests function in lieu of earmark requests ever since the outright ban on earmarks in 2011.

declarative, interrogative, imperative, and exclamatory; each has its own functions and patterns.

Question 36

reconciliation

Answer 36

the restoration of friendly relations.

Reconciliation is a legislative process of the United States Congress that allows expedited passage of certain budgetary legislation on spending, revenues, and the federal debt limit with a simple majority vote in both the House (218 votes) and Senate (51 votes).

Question 37

redistricting

Answer 37

Redistricting is the process of redrawing legislative districts.

All representatives to the U.S. House of Representatives, state legislatures, and many local offices are elected from districts. The quality of your representation - the policies that government enact - is affected by district boundaries.

Question 38

Richard M. Nixon

Answer 38

Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United States from 1969 until 1974, the only president to resign the office. He had previously served as the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961, and prior to that as both a U.S. Representative and Senator from California.

Richard Milhous Nixon was the 37th President of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974,

Question 39

select committee

Answer 39

a small legislative committee appointed for a special purpose.

the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence

Question 40

senatorial courtesy

Answer 40

a custom whereby presidential appointments are confirmed only if there is no objection to them by the senators from the appointee’s state, especially from the senior senator of the president’s party from that state.

Senatorial courtesy is a long-standing unwritten, unofficial, and nonbinding political custom in the United States describing the tendency of U.S. senators to support a Senate colleague in opposing the appointment to federal office of a presidential nominee from that Senator’s state.

Question 41

seniority

Answer 41

Seniority System is a system existing in companies granting preference to seniors in accordance with their length of service or seniority. This can be with regard to job security, promotions or other rewards to employees.

The term “seniority system” is used to describe the practice of granting special perks and privileges to members of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives who have served the longest.

Question 42

speaker of the house

Answer 42

Speaker of the House. The presiding officer of the United States House of Representatives. The Speaker, a member of the House, is elected by a majority party caucus.

The Speaker is responsible for ensuring that the House passes legislation supported by the majority party. In pursuing this goal, the Speaker may use their power to determine when each bill reaches the floor. They also chair the majority party’s steering committee in the House.

Question 43

standing committee

Answer 43

a permanent committee that meets regularly.

In the United States Congress, standing committees are permanent legislative panels established by the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate rules.

Question 44

trustee

Answer 44

Trustee (or the holding of a trusteeship) is a legal term which, in its broadest sense, is a synonym for anyone in a position of trust and so can refer to any person who holds property, authority, or a position of trust or responsibility for the benefit of another.

A trust is an agreement in which one person (the “settlor”) agrees to transfer property to another (the “trustee”) who manages that property for the benefit of someone else (the “beneficiary”). The settlor must legally transfer ownership of the assets to the trustee of the trust.

Question 45

unified government

Answer 45

Government in which one party controls the white house and another party controls one or both houses of Congress. Term. Unified Government. Definition. A government in which the same party controls both the white house and both parties of Congress.

Unified government is when one party controls the White House and both houses of Congress, and it’s theoretically easy to pass and enact legislation because of the shared goals held by members of the same party

Question 46

veto

Answer 46

a constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body.

the legislature would have a veto over appointments to key posts

Question 47

wars powers resolution

Answer 47

the War Powers Act. BrE. a US law passed in 1973 which allows Congress to limit the President’s use of military forces. It states that the President must tell Congress within 48 hours if he sends armed forces anywhere, and Congress must give approval for them to stay there for more than 90 days.

The War Powers Resolution was passed in 1973 by both Houses of Congress, overriding the veto of President Nixon. It was passed to reassert Congressional authority over the decision to send American troops to war.

Question 48

whip

Answer 48

an official of a political party appointed to maintain discipline among its members in Congress or Parliament, especially so as to ensure attendance and voting in debates.

A whip is an official of a political party whose task is to ensure party discipline in a legislature. This usually means ensuring members of the party vote according to the party platform or other accepted policy views shared by the party. Whips are the party’s “enforcers”.