Unit 6 - A & P Module- Immune system organization and pathogens Flashcards
The phenomenon of acquired immunity is due to the presence of ___________ cells.
memory
Molecules released during inflammation include __________.
heparin,
cytokines, histamine
All of the following are lymphocytes.
B cells, T cells and NK (natural killer) cells
Helper T cells directly or indirectly activate __________.
NK cells,
B cells,
cytotoxic T cells
Cytotoxic T cells __________.
kill target cells directly by inducing them to lyse, attack cells only after receiving a signal from a helper T cell and induce apoptosis in target cells
The actions of complement include __________.
lysis of bacteria, opsonization and binding to antibodies
During an allergic reaction __________.
mast cells are degranulated and histamine is released
Molecules called interleukins enhance the body’s response to infection directly by __________.
raising body temperature, inducing B and T cell proliferation and increasing neutrophil release from bone marrow
Sites where foreign particles and microorganisms can be trapped, and where they can be destroyed by lymphocytes and macrophages, include __________.
appendix,
lymph nodes,
spleen,
Peyer’s patches
All of the following statements about MHC molecules are true.
During their development in the thymus, only T cells bearing receptors that would bind MHC molecules-foreign antigen complexes are permitted to survive.
The phenomenon of clonal selection can be illustrated by all of the following concepts.
A flu virus that invades the body provokes an immune response only against that particular viral flu strain and when an antigen binds to a receptor on a lymphocyte, that lymphocyte in turn divides into an army of effector cells and memory cells, all identical to the first lymphocyte, Each antigen, by binding to a specific receptor, in effect “selects” a tiny fraction of cells from the vast array of lymphocytes available to produce a response to that antigen.
A person with type B blood __________.
will possess antibodies to type A blood, although he or she has never been exposed to type A lood, can receive type O blood in a transfusion and can donate blood to someone with type AB blood
Put the steps of phagocytosis in the appropriate order:
a) exocytosis of bacterial debris
b) degradation
c) attachment
d) internalization
c, d, b, a
The following produces passive immunity.
The injection of antibodies, the passage of IgG antibodies across the placenta, and treatment of rabies with the injection of antibodies against the rabies virus
