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Ap Euro by Sami > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of Nationalism

A

Geography, distinct culture, education, ethnicity, history, language, religion, govnt, leaders

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2
Q

nationalism’s conflict with principles of the congress of vienna

A

legitimacy (hereditary rule), multi- nationalism, popular sovereignty (lots of minorities demanded power)

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3
Q

difficulties of nationalism

A

which ethinic group had justified claims of autonomy

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4
Q

refions of 19th century nationalistic pressures

A

russia (poland), Germany (austria), italy, balkin region, britain (ireland), eastern europe (czech, slovak, hungarian)

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5
Q

definition of liberals according to conservatives

A

anyone opposed to conservative ideals

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6
Q

political goals of 19th century liberals

A

religious toleration, constitutionalism (civic equality), keep civil rights, expand the electorate, achieve unified german nation (germany/austria)

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7
Q

19th c. liberals and the origins of their ideas

A

enlightenment

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8
Q

economic goals of the 19th c. liverals

A

laissez-faire (adam smith)

remove internal tariffs, get rid of labor unions, promote merit over property

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9
Q

major pillars of 9th c. conservatism

A

throne (didn’t like constitutional bodies)
land (liberalism threatens privilages)
altar (liberalism leads to dechristianization)

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10
Q

Klemens von Metternich

A 
one of the most important political ppl
austrian prince
conservative
maintain havsburg empire
    ||        dynastic integrity
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11
Q

Burshenschaftens

A

student, club, fraternity; want german unification
karl sand executed for murder of a conservatist
|| now a martyr
Carlsbad degrees

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12
Q

The Spa field riots (need date)

A

reaction to Lord Liverpool’s ministry/ Coercion acts: suspend habious corpus (due process of law)
Dec. 1816

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13
Q

The Peterloo Massacre (need date)

A

popular ppl rise up against coertion acts, troops come in and kill 11 revolters
in st. peter’s field
Aug 16th, 1819

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14
Q

The six acts

A
  1. forbade unauthorized meetings
  2. raised fines for seditious libel
  3. speedy trials
  4. increased newspaper taxes
  5. prohibited city/ local militias
  6. allowed nonwarranted searches/ seizures

by lord liverpool

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15
Q

parliamentary actions resulting from Decembrst revolts

A

the organic statute: declare poland a part of Russia

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16
Q

Louis XVIII as monarch

A

made the charter
reaffirmed declaration of the rights of man and citizen
protected church lands
became conservative because of charlesX

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17
Q

Major Powers of congress of vienna

A

prussia, britain austria, russia

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18
Q

concert of europe

A

set about to resolve issues, international diplomacy to prevent outbreak of war

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19
Q

Ferdinand VII’s rule after the fall of napoleon

A

promised to govern constitutionally
dissolved the cortes
congress of troppau/ protocol of trappou: stable govnts could intervene millitarily to dispose threat of war
congress of veronna intervenes

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20
Q

Demands of the Treaty of London 1827

A

recognized Greece as a nation

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21
Q

major accomplishments of George Canning

A

foreign secratary of Britain. Pulled out of continental affairs (monroe doct.)

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22
Q

Revolts in Mediterranean Europe

A

Greek Revolutions 1821, serbian independance

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23
Q

Spark of independence movements throghout Latin America

A

wars of French revolution

napoleonic wars

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24
Q

Toussaint L’ Overture impact on Latin american Independence

A

Governer- General for life
leader of haitian slave rebellion
ultimately abolished slavery in haiti

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25
haitian slave rebellion
France abolishes haitian slavery, slave owners get mad
26
Tsar Alex I and his political reforms
suppressed liberalism and rationalism | turned away from reform
27
Tsar Alex I and his successor
Constantine vs. Nicholas Nicholas forced to be tsar police state, autocratic, "orthodoxy, Autocracy, and nationalism"
28
The northern society
moderate: advocated constitutional monarchy, | no serfdom, protect boyars
29
The southern society
radical, liberal: advocate parliament, no serfdom
30
Nicholas I views on Serfdom
didn't like it, but didn't change it in fear of losing favor of nobles
31
uniquness/ significance of the decembrist revolt
military refuse to take oath 1st real russian rev. in which instigators had specific political goal want to establish constitutional monarchy
32
Russian tsar and infringements upon other countries
rule over poland | "puppet state"
33
four ordinances
1830- 1. restrict freedom of press 2. dissolve chamber of deputies 3. limited vote to the wealthy 4. called for new elections
34
Charles X and his domestic policies
``` absolutist (divine right) restores premogeniture elections of 1830 four ordinances protect catholic church (punish sacrolige) colonize algeria ```
35
facts about louis philippe
``` july monarchy "king of the French" tricolour constitution catholic is official relig, but toleration to others no censorship voting extended expand colonial empire not as much attention to lower class ```
36
Great Reform Bill and its impact on the english electorate
expanded electorate by 200,000 votes kept property stipulation, gender requirements made revolution unnecessary
37
Daniel O'Connell
"the liberator" | won a seat, but can't take seat b.c. he's catholic
38
Great Britain and its support for independence in Latin America
favored latin american independence
39
major events taking place in 1830
``` serbian ind. greek ind. (2nd treaty of london) nov. uprising july rev. belgian rev. ```
40
where the industrial rev encouraged britain to invest in the early 19th c.
U.S.A. and Latin America
41
pop growth in britain, france, and germany by mid 19th c.
britain: 16-21 mil france: 32-36 mil Germany: 26-33 mil 1830-1850
42
Impact on cities due to 19th c. urbanization
pollution, starvation, not adequate housing, disease, criminal activity
43
Emancipation of serfs in France, Prussia, Austria, Russia
``` Enclosure movement France: August 4, 1798 Prussia: 1815 Austria: 1848 Russia: 1861 Link between industrialization and serfdom ```
44
Causes and effects on the Irish famine of 1845-49
Plantations Blight Penal laws to Catholics Poor laws Effects: mass exodus
45
Results of railway improvements on consumer economy
Increase demand of iron, ppl invested in capital wealth, scarcity of consumer goods
46
Limits of workers in the new labor marketplace
Workers had no say as to what, how much, price, etc.
47
Proletarianization
Process by which labor becomes a commodity Wage labor force Factory workers, urban artisans, not as skilled after 19th c.
48
Chartist reform movements, measures
1st working class movement with specific political/ labor goals
49
British chartism
Ppl'so charter wants electoral reform Peaceful except Luddites Not successful
50
Purpose behind constructing the crystal palace
Great exhibition of 1851 | Designed to see how new industries were compatible with enlightened ideals, culture, art, beauty
51
Relationship between husbands and wives in early factories
``` Men= foremen/ employers Wives= assistants ```
52
Work hours after 1847
10 hr work day
53
Requirements of new jobs for women I textile factories
Textile work Mostly in home Less skilled Lower wages
54
Women and employment in France 1850
Most women worked the land
55
First organized police force
Paris
56
Trends of criminal activity in Europe
Slowly escalated until 1860, then plateaued
57
Reason British criminals sent to Austria
Alt. to capital punishment, serious offenders | Transport
58
The auburn system and Philadelphia system
Auburn: separate prisoners at night Phili: separate prisoners always Backfire, led to mental collapse
59
Classical economists and economic system, govnt roles
Adam smith starts ideas with laissez- fairs Want free- enterprise Govnt should have some roles (Currency, foreign, protections, etc)
60
Thomas Malthus "essay on the principle of population"
Point of crisis, resources outstripped by pop. Growth | Advocated lower wages and family planning
61
David Ricardo "principles of political economy"
Iron law of wages | Advocated low wages
62
Jeremy Bentham and utilitarianism
``` Greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of ppl Middle class is the greatest amount of ppl ```
63
Utopian socialist movements
Owenism(new lanark), saint- simonianism (technocracy), foierism
64
Saint Simon
Technocracy: board of directors manage wealth and industry
65
Anarchists
Rejected govnt, industry and capitalism August blanqui Pierre Joseph Proudhon ( mutualism= give goods and services)
66
Karl Marx and communist manifesto
Wrote with friedrich Influenced by Hegel Exploration of the process of the culmination of history Not initially popular, but yes in 20th c. Revolution that proletarians emrge
67
Sources of inspiration for the communist manifesto
Hegel, utopian socialists, English classical economists
68
Regions of rev. Of 1848
France, Italy, Austria ( Vienna, Hungary, Bohemia/ Czech, lambarte), Germany (Prussia, Berlin),
69
Makeup of the revolutionaries in 1848
Political liberal, working class, nationalists
70
Results of the 1848-49 rev.
All failures because lack of unity, strong conservative govnnts,
71
Louis Philippe and his confrontations with the republic
Corrupt reign, guizot is minister, overthrown in 1848
72
Origin of 1848 rev.s
France
73
Facts about the French Revolution of 1848
Louis Philippe overthrown, led to creation of he 2nd French Republic, led to Louis Bonaparte, failed bc disunity between liberals and working class
74
Feminist movements in revolutionary Europe
Voix des femmes: chill homies Wanted more education, votes, equality in the household Vesuvians: non chill homies Wanted to have free dress, military rights, etc
75
Regions of rev in Habsburg empire in 1848
Vienna, Budapest Hungary, n. Italy, Czech
76
Actions of Hungarians during Magyar revolt
Annex Transylvania, Croatia, Balkan Peninsula, Slovak | Led to nationalistic resistance and failure
77
Split between German working class and German liberals
Not unified Working class: job security, wages Libs: unification in country
78
German rev of 1848
King Fred will IV Dissolve Prussia. Constituent assembly Denied crown of Germany from Frankfurt parliament Want germ. Unif. Grousdeautsch vs. kleindaustch (without Austria)
79
Italian rev of 1848
Piedmont was most stable, roman repub 1849 (doesn't last long cuz French invas.) Giuseppe matzini Giuseppe geribaldi

Ap Euro by Sami (6 decks)

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