Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ap Euro by Sami > Unit 3 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® European History flashcards
1
Q

Emergence of Netherlands as a nation

16th/17th c.

A

1572: After revolting against Spain
naval wars w/ England,
William III of Orange is leader

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

religious characteristics of Netherlands

16th/17th c.

A

many religions lived together peacefully

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

governmental system of N. Lands

16th/17th c.

A

republic, states general, led by William III of Orange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Reasons for dutch economic prosperity and decline

A

Prosperity: urban consolidation, transformed agriculture, extensive trade & finance, overseas commercial empire

Decline: William III of Orange dies, loss of unified political leadership

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

William III of Orange

A

1650-1702, hereditary chief exec, of Holland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Two most important models of European political organization

A

political absolutism, parliamentary monarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

characteristics of absolute rule

A

divine right of kings, no limitation of power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

characteristics of and facts about James I, his rule and relationship with parliament

A

established impositions, rebuffed puritans, kept episcopal system, rarely called parliament, didn’t want them to limit his power.

king’s court positions could be bought, center of scandal & corruption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

reasons for suspicion of James I foreign policy

A

peace w/ spain, attempt to relax penal laws agains catholics, hesitant to rush troops to germany to help protestants during 30 yrs war, attempted son’s marriage to a spanish princess, his own marriage to a French Catholic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Charles I’s extra parliamentary measures

A

levying new tariffs & duties, attempting to collect discontinued taxes, subjecting land owners to a forced loan, quartering troops into private homes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the petition of right

A

no forced loans or taxation w/ out consent of parliament, no freeman imprisoned w/ out due cause, troops shouldn’t be billeted in private homes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

consequences of the religious policies of charles I

A

war w/ scotland, called the short parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

facts about the english civil war

A

parliament: alliance w/ scotland, parliament = presbyterian system, oliver cromwell re-organized the parliamentary army.

Charles: tried to divide & conquer parliament, all royalists were exhumed from parliament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

England under Oliver Cromwell

A

Helped defeat charles I. Established puritanical monarchy. Disbanded parliament when they wanted to take his army away. “Lord protector”, wanted religious conformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

state of england after Cromwell and what they wanted to restore

A

restore anglican church & the monarchy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Facts about the Treaty of Dover

A

1670: England + France against Dutch, Charles II promised to announce his catholicism (waited until almost dead), Louis XIV gave Charles II $ for war.

Charles established a declaration of indulgence (1672) that suspended all laws against catholics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Test Act

A

passed by parliament
required all civil and military officials to swear against transubstantiation.
aimed at charles II’s brother, James, so he couldn’t change England to catholicism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The popish plot

A

1678: Liar named TITUS OATES told everyone that Charles’ wife was planning on killing him so James could take the crown and truly turn England catholic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Declaration of indulgence of 1687

A

suspended all religious tests and permitted free worship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Facts about the GLORIOUS REVOLUTION

A

“the bloodless revolution” William III of orange comes to England w/ army - receives no opposition. Mary II and Will III are now co-monarchs of england

James, prince of wales told them to invade

M & W were forced to sign Bill of Rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The act of settlement of 1701

A

provided the english crown to go to the Hanover (german) family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

the act of union 1707

A

England and Scotland combine to create U.K. (Great Britain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Facts about Robert Walpole

A 
First prime minister of England 
1721-1742
handled house of commons
controlled govnt patronage
^ foreign and domestic affairs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Facts about Cardinal Armand Richelieu

A

Chief minister of Louis XIII
attempted to impose direct royal administration on france
stopped some privileges for protestants from the edict of nantes
wanted to centralize

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Louis XIV relationship with French nobility

A

largely worked with nobility
subtle absolutism
wanted to keep check on their power
made sure they benefited from the growth of his authority

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Symbol of Louis XIV

A

Sun King

“I am the state”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Reign of Louis XIV

A

1643-1715

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

significance of versailles

A

shows nobles that Louis has more power, people who lived there depended on him, made them think they had power

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

religious policies of Louis XIV

A

ignored gallican liberties, revocation of the Edict of Nantes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Characteristics of Jansenists

A 
Formed by Cornelius Jansen
^ wrote "Augustinius"
belived in ORIGINAL SIN & PREDESTINATION
technically catholic
very strict (like puritans)
anti-royalist
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Results of the revocation of the edict of nantes

A
  1. closed all protestant worship building
  2. protestant ministers are exiled
  3. indentured servitude
  4. all children must be baptized as catholics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

finance minister of louis XIV

A

Jean-Baptiste Colbert (1619-1683)

helped him raise a powerful army

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Wars fought during the reign of Louis XIV

A
  1. WAR OF DEVOLUTION (1667-68) felt that spanish didn’t pay full dowery to him
  2. FRANC0-DUTCH WAR (1672-79) England and france against netherlands
  3. NINE YRS WAR (1689-97) league of augsburg
  4. WAR OF SPANISH SUCCESSION (1701-14) “the grand alliance”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

facts about the war of spanish succession

A

Philip V gets spain (grandson of Louis XIV)

“The grand alliance” = france + spain

treaty of utrecht (1713) between grand alliance and england-
england gets gibraltar and manorca

treaty of rasatt (1714) peace with europe. spain loses nether lands to austria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

France after the reign of Louis XIV

A

Louis XV (1715-1774)
duke of orleans (regent, bad leader)
john law makes paper money- royal bank & mississippi company
leads to MISSISSIPPI BUBBLE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

economic beliefs of John Law

A

make paper $ more valuable than gold, people buy more

led to an economic depression

37
Q

Characteristics and facts about 17th century central and eastern Europe

A 
less advanced than western Europe
didn't possess overseas empire
traded grain w/ western
political authorities were weak
agrarian economy
almost constant warfare
38
Q

dynasties of central and eastern europe

A
  1. Austria - Hapsburg
  2. Prussia - Hohenzollern
  3. russia - Romanov
39
Q

political/social characteristics of 17th & 18th century Poland

A

absense of strong central authority
central legislative body = SEJM or DIET
^ liberum veto (requires 100% agreement or they disband)
had foreign rulers

40
Q

the Pragmatic Sanction

A

1713: Charles VI
this provided ^ a legal basis for a single line of inheritance within Hapsburg dynasty through his daughter, Maria Theresa

41
Q

Rulers of Prussia and facts associated with each

A 
FREDERICK WILLIAM (r. 1640-1688): "The Great Elector" established strong centralization
FREDERICK I (r. 1688-1713): "King of Prussia" used $ for luxury
FREDERICK WILLIAM I (r. 1713-1740): army from 39,000 to 80,000 but he avoided conflict
FREDERICK II (r. 1740-1786): "Frederick the great" made Prussia one of the strongest empires, invaded Silesia
42
Q

Aftermath of the reign of Ivan IV in Russia

A

“Time of Troubles” Russia was on the outside of politics, no warm water ports. didn’t send ambassadors to Europe

43
Q

Power of Boyars during reign of Peter the great

A

restricted

had to shave beards, dress differently

44
Q

Facts about the Great Northern War

A

Russia vs. Sweden
righting over foothold on the Baltic
Russia wins a warm water port

45
Q

Significance of St. Petersburg

A

Symbol of westernization in Russia

46
Q

Reforms of Peter the Great and their purpose

A
  1. administrative colleges: oversaw economy, domestic & foreign affairs, military
  2. table of ranks: changed social ranks, must be part of the administrative colleges to be a noble
  3. Holy synod: secular control
47
Q

Characteristics of the legacy of Peter the Great

A

expanded Russian territory
created military that gained warm water port (300,000 soldiers)
built petersburg
took authority from the elite
MADE RUSSIA RELEVANT to european politics
laid the ground work for a modern state, not necessarily stable

48
Q

Galileo and his views on how nature should be understood and explained

A

thought that universe was rational

everything was explained by mathematical laws

49
Q

17th c. scientists

A

Copernicus, Brahe, Kepler, Galileo, Newton

50
Q

Characteristics/ descriptions of the scientific revolution

A

widespread, informal, few people, slow

51
Q

Descriptions of differing views of the universe

A

Ptolemaic/ geocentrism
Copernican/ heliocentrism
Tychonic/ geo - helio

52
Q

Facts/ characteristics of the traditional view of the universe prior to the scientific revolution

A

ptolemaic system, geocentrism, epicycles & deferents

53
Q

Copernican system of the universe

A

heliocentrism.

“On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres”

54
Q

Nicolaus Copernicus’ contributions to the scientific revolution

A

sun-centered. not a perfect-circle orbit

55
Q

Tycho Brahe’s contributions to the scientific revolution

A

astronomical data

“last naked eye astronomer”

56
Q

Johannes Kepler’s contributions to the scientific revolution

A

eliptical orbits

“The New Astronomy”

57
Q

Facts about Isaac Newton and his contributions to the Scientific Revolution

A

Everything supported by math = “Principia mathematica” 1687

Gravity: a natural phenomena by which objects of mass attract another

58
Q

Galileo’s literary works

A

the starry messenger,

letters on sunspots

59
Q

Galileo’s major contributions to Scientific Rev.

A

1609: Improved the telescope to look to the sky
real EVIDENCE to orbits
moons of jupiter “medici stars”

60
Q

Mechanism and what natural philosophers believed it achieved

A

to explain the world in terms of mechanical metaphors, symbol was a clock

61
Q

Facts about Francis Bacon and his contributions to S. R.

1561-1626

A

well rounded: lawyer, royal official, author of many things
FATHER OF EMPIRICISM and experimentation
set an intellectual tone and helped create a climate conductive to scientific work
the advancement of learning, “NOVUM ORGANUM”
championed innovation and change
INDUCTIVE REASONING

62
Q

cartesian dualism

A

suggested by Rene Descartes,

  1. thinking things (thoughts)
  2. things that occupy space
63
Q

beliefs on knowledge according to Francis Bacon

A

scientific method / inductive reasoning
believed that there is MANY MORE things to learn (infinite)
men of experiment & dogmas

64
Q

Descartes view of nature

A

deductive reasoning
general to specific
God created all
“I think, therefore I am”

65
Q

Thomas Hobbes: Literary work, favored govt.

A

Leviathan, absolute government

66
Q

Thomas Hobbes: social contract

A

tyranny over anarchy

give up rights (so there is no chaos)

67
Q

Thomas Hobbes: view of humanity

A

selfish, egotistical, want power

68
Q

John Locke: Literary works

A

Two treatises of Govnt., Letter concerning religious tolerations, Essay concerning human understanding

69
Q

John locke: view on role of govnt.

A

limited government, protects “natural rights” of the people, no absolutism

70
Q

John Locke: view on people and their rights

A

natural rights, right to rebel, puritan toleration, put people in positive environment (start with Tabula Rasa)

71
Q

Tabula Rasa

A

Clean slate.
people start with ^ and their environment effects them.
basic thought of John Locke’s book, “essay concerning human understanding”

72
Q

Role of women during the scientific revolution

A

mostly excluded. some noble women & artisans participated (or through husbands or male relatives)

73
Q

Maria Winkelmann’s contribution to sci rev.

A

astronomy, discovered comet

74
Q

Trial of Galileo

A

1633: Wrote “dialogue on the two chief world system” which led to an inquisition by Urban XIII, Galileo forced to recant, lives under house arrest

75
Q

Movements/events o the 18th century influenced by the new science

A

the enlightenment

76
Q

Blaise Pascal literary works

A

Pensees

77
Q

Blaise Pascal views on God and mankind

A
  1. loving god

2. we not worthy unless we have faith

78
Q

Blaise Pascal opposition to groups of ppl:

A

Jesuits & catholic church (works of satisfaction, indulgences)
atheists and deists

79
Q

Pascal’s famous wager

A

might as well take the leap of faith

80
Q

physic-theology

A

religious though from observing nature/ theological empiricism.
science- rational god-rational humanity-scientific innovation= better life

81
Q

causes of the witch hunts

A

mysogyny toward women, superstition, age of reformation, religious wars

82
Q

results of the witch hunts and panic

A

execution of 70-100,000 accused witches

83
Q

targets of witchcraft

A

80% were women, 40 + yrs, cunning folk (accused of malefice)

84
Q

reasons for end of witch hunts

A

got out of control, scientific rev.

85
Q

emergence of baroque art

A

dunno

86
Q

characteristics of Baroque art/technique

A

naturalistic, realism, depth, color, vibrant

87
Q

Baroque artists

A

Michelangelo, Louis Lenain, Gilan Lorenzo Bernini

88
Q

Baroque monuments

A

St. Peters basilica, chair of st. peter resting in the shoulder of the 4 church fathers, stanta marie church (st. theresa of aula)

Ap Euro by Sami (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions