Unit 6 Flashcards
Habituation
Response decreases with repeated exposure to stimulus
Learning
Acquiring new and enduring information/behaviors
Associative Learning
Learning that 2 events occur together
Stimulus
Event/situation that causes a response
Respondent behavior
Behavior that occurs automatically as a response to a stimulus
Operant behavior
Behavior that operates on the environment, producing a response
Learn to say please to get stuff
Cognitive learning
Acquisition of mental info
Observing events, others, or through language
Classical conditioning
Linking 2+ stimuli and ANTICIPATING events
Ivan Pavlov
Classical conditioning
Dog bell = food
Laid the foundation for behaviorism
Behaviorism
Psych should be studied without reference to mental processes
John B Watson
Behaviorism
Little Albert experiment - trained a baby to fear a white rat by pairing it with a loud sound (association made him for other white furry objects)
Neutral Stimulus (NS)
Classical conditioning
Stimulus that evokes no response BEFORE conditioning
Unconditioned Response (UR)
Classical conditioning
Naturally occurring response to an UNCONDITIONED stimulus
Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
Classical conditioning
Stimulus that unconditionally evokes an UNCONDITIONED response
Conditioned Response (CR)
Learned response to a previously neutral but now conditioned stimulus
Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
Classical conditioning
Associated with an unconditioned stimulus that triggers a conditioned response
Acquisition
A neutral stimulus is linked with an unconditioned stimulus
Higher-order conditioning
A conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus
Creates a second (weaker) conditioned stimulus
Extinction
Diminishing of a conditioned response
Spontaneous recovery
The reappearance, after a pause, of a previously extinguished conditioned response
Generalization
Tendency to respond to stimuli that’s similar to the conditioned stimulus
Discrimination
Being able to distinguish between a condition stimulus and a similar stimulus
Operant conditioning
Learning
More likely to occur if followed by reinforcer
Less likely to occur if followed by a punisher
Law of effect
Thorndike
Behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely
Behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely
Operant chamber
AKA Skinner box
Has bar/key that animal can manipulate to obtain food/water
Reinforcement
Operant conditioning
Event that strengthens behavior that follows
Shaping
Operant conditioning
When reinforcers guide behavior closer and closer to desired behavior
Discriminative Stimulus
Operan conditioning
Stimulus that elicits a response after association with reinforcement
Positive Reinforcement (PR)
Operant conditioning
Something good is presented, which encourages the behavior in the future