Unit 14

Question 1

Social psychology

Answer 1

The scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another

Question 2

Chameleon effect

Answer 2

You see someone do something then you want to do it

Question 3

Mood linkage

Answer 3

Sharing, up-and-down moods with peers

Question 4

Conformity

Answer 4

Adjusting/adapting/changing one’s behavior of thinking to coincide with a group standard

Question 5

Solomon Asch

Answer 5

Researched the circumstances under which people will conform
Which line is longer experiment

Question 6

Normative Social Influence

Answer 6

Person’s desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval

Question 7

Informational Social Influence

Answer 7

One’s willingness to accept other’s opinions about reality

Question 8

Stanley Milgram

Answer 8

Researched obedience to authority
Lethal shock experiment

Question 9

Obedience

Answer 9

The tendency to comply with orders (implied or real) from someone perceived as an authority

Question 10

Social loafing

Answer 10

Tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooping their efforts together than when individually accountable

Question 11

Social facilitation

Answer 11

Improved performance of tasks in the presence of others

Question 12

Deindividuation

Answer 12

Loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

People lose sense of responsibility when in a group

Question 13

Group polarization

Answer 13

Enhancement of a group’s already existing attitudes through discussion within the group.

Question 14

Group thinking

Answer 14

We go along with a decision that we don’t agree with bc it maybe harmful/negative, to get along with or please the group.

Question 15

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Answer 15

When we believe something to be true about others/ourselves and we act in ways that cause this belief to come true.

Question 16

Fundamental Attribution Theory

Answer 16

People tend to blame:credit the person more than the situation

Question 17

Attribution Theory

Answer 17

The theory that we tend to explain the behavior of others as an aspect of either an inner trait or the situation.

Question 18

Situational Attribution

Answer 18

Attributing someone’s actions to the various factors in the situation

Question 19

Dispositional Attribution

Answer 19

Attributing someone’s actions to the person’s disposition
Ex. thoughts, feelings, personality characteristics, etc.

Question 20

Self-serving bias

Answer 20

Readiness to perceive oneself favorably

Question 21

Attitude

Answer 21

The belief and feeling that predisposes someone to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events.

One’s viewpoint on an issue

Question 22

Central Route Persuasion

Answer 22

Occurs when influenced people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts

Question 23

Peripheral Route Persuasion

Answer 23

Occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues such as a speaker’s attractiveness

Question 24

Cognitive Dissonance Theory

Answer 24

The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent.

Question 25

Foot-in-the-door phenomenon

Answer 25

The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request.

Question 26

Role

Answer 26

A set of expectations in a social setting that define how one ought to behave.

Question 27

Bystander effect

Answer 27

The tendency for a person to be less likely to give aid if other people are present

Question 28

John Darley and Bibb Latané

Answer 28

Researched the circumstances that determine when a bystander will intervene on behalf of a situation

Question 29

Proximity

Answer 29

Closeness in physical space, time, or relationship

Question 30

Mere Exposure effect

Answer 30

The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them.

Question 31

Passionate Love

Answer 31

Aroused state of intense positive absorption in another - usually present at the beginning of a love relationship

Question 32

Companionate Love

Answer 32

A deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined - Equity - Self-disclosure

Question 33

Equity

Answer 33

When people contribute to and receive from a relationship at a similar rate

Question 34

Self-disclosure

Answer 34

Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others

Question 35

Altruism

Answer 35

Helping others without regard for your own safety

Question 36

Just-World Phenomenon

Answer 36

The tendency to believe that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get.

Question 37

Culture/Norm

Answer 37

An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior

Question 38

Prejudice

Answer 38

An unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members.

Question 39

Stereotype

Answer 39

A generalized belief about a group of people

Question 40

Discrimination

Answer 40

Taking action against a group of people bc of a stereotype and feelings of prejudice

Question 41

In group “Us”

Answer 41

People with whom we share a common identity

Question 42

Outgroup “Them”

Answer 42

Those perceived as different or apart from “us”

Question 43

Ingroup Bias

Answer 43

Tendency to favor one’s own group

Question 44

Scapegoat Theory

Answer 44

The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.

Question 45

Categorization

Answer 45

Tendency to group similar objects

Question 46

Other-Race Effect

Answer 46

It is easier to remember faces of our own race

Question 47

Aggression

Answer 47

Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy

Question 48

Frustration-Aggression Principle

Answer 48

Frustration creates anger which can generate aggression

Question 49

Social scripts

Answer 49

Outline of how weird supposed to behave (Culturally molded)

Question 50

Social exchange theory

Answer 50

You behave well in society because you want society to be a good place

Question 51

Reciprocity norm

Answer 51

An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those who have helped them

Question 52

Social-responsibility norm

Answer 52

An expectation that people will help those needing their help

Question 53

Social Trap

Answer 53

S situation in which you have 2 conflicting interests

Question 54

Mirror-Image Perceptions

Answer 54

When 2 conflicting sides see themselves as ethical and the other as evil

Question 55

Superordinate Goals

Answer 55

Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation