Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 315 > Unit 6 > Flashcards

Unit 6 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

How does Freud relate to nature?

A

-behaviour motivated by need to drive basic drives - biological maturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does Erikson relate to nature?

A

-development is drive by series of developmental crises related to age & biological maturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Are freud & erikson stage theorists?

A

-yes but individual differences are continuous (ex. childhood experiences perpetuate)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Oral stage?

A
  • 1st stage
  • born w/ id
  • sucking & eating -mother love object
  • ego arises at 1yr
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anal stage?

A
  • 2nd stage (age 2-3)

- control over bodily processes -defecation -toilet training conflict

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Phallic stage?

A
  • 3rd stage (age 3-6)
  • sexual pleasure of egenitalia -identify w/ same-sex parent
  • sexual desires lead to superego
  • resolution of oedipus complex
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

latency period?

A
  • 4th (age 6-12)
  • relative calm -sexual desires in unconscious
  • socially acceptable activities
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Genital stage?

A
  • sexual maturation -directed towards peers -intercourse is major goal
  • ideally strong ego & moderate superego
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the id? What stage does it start?

A
  • powerful urges
  • sexual & aggressive desires (devil on shoulder)
  • totally unconscious
  • ruled by pleasure principle -maximum gratification -selfish, impulsive -no consequences
  • 1st -oral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the ego? What stage does it start?

A
  • aligned w/ reality - consciousness -morality
  • reason & good sense - never fully in control -rational, logical, problem-solving
  • balances id & superego
  • 1st - oral
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the superego? What stage does it start?

A
  • what society tells you is okay -unconscious
  • conscience -(angel)
  • internalization of parents’ standard for acceptable behaviour -avoid guilt -internalized moral standards
  • 3rd - phallic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the trust vs. mistrust stage?

A
  • 1st yr - trust/reassured by being close to other ppl
  • consistent -reliable
  • if no one caring- lead to mistrust
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the autonomy vs. shame & doubt stage?

A
  • 1 -3 1/2 yrs old
  • how can I control my own behaviours
  • social demands
  • toilet training
  • motor skills, cognitive abilities, language
  • choose for yourself
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the initiative vs. guilt stage?

A
  • age 4-6
  • identify w/ & learn from parents -but be independent of them -ex. dress myself
  • conscience
  • setting goals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the industry vs. inferiority stage?

A

age 6 - puberty

  • ego development
  • cognitive & social skills important to culture -cooperate -competence (otherwise feel inferior)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the identity vs. role confusion stage?

A
  • adolescence
  • identity
  • physical changes, social pressures, future -what is my role -figure out who they are or live in confusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is intimacy vs. isolation stage?

A

-can I give myself fully to another -learn to be intimate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is generativity vs. stagnation stage?

A

-what can I offer generations to follow -otherwise feel like no growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Are learning theories continuous or discontinuous?

A

continuous

  • same principle of learning across ages
  • all happening in diff times through developments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Are psychoanalytic theories inner or environment?

A
  • inner experience interact w/ enviro

- bidirectional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Is freud focussed on inner or enviro?

A

inner then how this affects how we interpret & interact w/ enviro

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Summarize freud as a person

A
  • made first theory w/in social development

- saw some illnesses not a physical issue -

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Is freud focussed on inner or enviro?

A

inner then how this affects how we interpret & interact w/ enviro
-internal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Summarize freud as a person

A
  • 1856-1939
  • made first theory w/in social development
  • saw some illnesses not a physical issue - believed how we handle or don’t handle conflicts have lasting effects
  • biological urges in conflict w/ society
  • discontinuous (but individual differences are continuous)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is freud’s faults

A
  • not supported w/ research/can’t measure - not scientific
  • grew up in sexually repressed time period -biased
  • far fetched/ he had a lot of cocaine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is freud’s legacy? faults

A
  • not supported w/ research/can’t measure - not scientific
  • overemphasis on sexuality grew up in sexually repressed time period -biased
  • far fetched/ he had a lot of cocaine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is freud’s legacy? pros

A
  • starts social development
  • role of early experience
  • importance of parent-child relationships
  • unconscious motivations
  • led to other theories
  • clinical applications -parenting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Summarize erikson as a person

A
  • 1902-1994
  • confusing identity as kid -parents divorced/culture
  • focused on ego (does more than balance id & superego)
  • environmental & social factors interact w/ ego
  • development throughout lifetime (identity in adolescence)
29
Q

Summarize erikson as a person

A
  • 1902-1994
  • confusing identity as kid -parents divorced/culture
  • focused on ego - reality/society
  • goes beyond childhood
30
Q

What is integrity vs. despair stage?

A

-have I found contentment & satisfaction - do I have integrity

31
Q

What happens if you don’t resolve erikson’s conflicts?

A

-imprint on you and stay w/ you throughout development

32
Q

What is erikson’s legacy? pros

A
  • role of identity development (in adolescence)
  • lifespan development (doesn’t stop at adolescence)
  • (clinical applications)
33
Q

What are examples of psychoanalytic theories?

A
  • Freud

- Erikson

34
Q

What are examples of learning theories?

A
  • classical conditioning
  • operant conditioning
  • observational learning
  • social learning theory
  • social cognitive theory
35
Q

Are learning theories enviro or inner?

A
  • external
  • how enviro shapes the inner/child
  • one direction -enviro to child
36
Q

What is operant conditioning?

A
  • a behaviour is increased or decreased b/c of consequences -reinforcement increases behaviour
  • punishment decreases behaviour
  • positive means adding stimulus
  • negative means removing stimulus
37
Q

What is positive reinforcement? Ex?

A
  • behaviour increases because stimulus is added

- example: gives a sticker every time you poop on the toilet

38
Q

What is negative reinforcement? Ex?

A
  • behaviour increases every time a stimulus is avoided

- example: every time you poop on the toilet, broccoli is taken off your dinner plate

39
Q

What is positive punishment? Ex?

A
  • behaviour is decreased by adding a stimulus

- ex. every time you scream, I show you a spider

40
Q

What is negative punishment? ex?

A
  • behaviour is decreased by removing a stimulus

- ex. every time you scream I remove your IPad

41
Q

What is a study about observational learning?

A
  • bobo doll
  • video
  • mimicking behaviour -adding novel aggressive ways
42
Q

What is the legacy of learning theories?

A
  • behaviour modification w/ children

- (ex. gold stars in classrooms)

43
Q

Are ecological theories about inner or enviro?

A
  • broad enviro -shapes social development -but the child plays a role in shaping as well
  • bidirectional
44
Q

What is the ecological perspective?

A

-taking into account context -ex. sand, dirt, amount of water, if in the lab, etc.

45
Q

What is bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model?

A
  • development occuring w/in complex system of relationships
  • levels of context
  • child, microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem
  • all interrelated
46
Q

What is the child in bioecological model?

A
  • biological predispositions
  • active
  • choices, preferences, etc.
47
Q

What is the microsystem?

A

immediate environment

(mom, dad, daycare) -direct contact

48
Q

What is the mesosystem?

A

-the connections btw microsystems (how mom & dad are connected, how they’re connected to the daycare, etc.)

49
Q

What is the exosystem?

A

indirect environment

  • no immeidate contact
  • ex. mom’s workplace, media, etc.
50
Q

What is the macrosystem?

A
  • cultural values, laws, customs, resources

- ex. wars, p/maternity leave

51
Q

What is the chronosystem?

A

time period

-age of child

52
Q

Where would the corona virus fall within the bioecological model?

A
  • chronosystem - time period
  • macro - laws/mandates
  • exosystem - schoolwide policies, maybe mom’s office changes, works from home instead
  • mesosystem - maybe parents are more involved w/ daycare b/c worried about spread
  • microsystem - wears mask in daycare, mom working at home, mom or dad gets sick etc.
  • child - maybe is immuno compromised etc.
53
Q

Where is violence shown on tv in bioecological model? Then if punches little brother? Then mom & dad start yelling b/c they don’t know how to handle it? Then make a complaint and the show is banned by law? What if built in with aggression? What if a war is going on which impacts aggressive tendency?

A
  • exosystem
  • microsystem
  • mesosystem
  • macrosystem
  • the child
  • chronosystem
54
Q

What was bronfenbrenner’s legacy?

A
  • broad role of context

- influence on policy

55
Q

Where would extended fam be on bioeco model? Neighbours? neighbourhood park?

A

seems exosystem/(maybe mesosystem too)

  • exosystem
  • microsystem
56
Q

Marie always wipe her feet on the mat, then prays before entering a house. Where would this be on bioeco model?

A

-macrosystem - culture etc.

57
Q

Bob legally has to wear a mask before entering a store/restaurant. Where would this be on the bioeco model?

A
  • chronosystem - covid

- macrosystem - current laws/mandates

58
Q

erikson’s legacy? faults

A

-many ideas difficult to test
-difficult to falsify
^like freud

59
Q

Learning theories - pros?

A

-behaviour can be modified through associations/consequences

60
Q

learning theories - criticisms?

A
  • oversimplification of mental processes

- less useful for explaining broader patterns

61
Q

learning theories - application?

A
  • parenting
  • schooling
  • media
  • therapy
62
Q

bronfenbrenner’s bioeco model - legacy?

A

broad role of context - beyond immediate enviro

63
Q

bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model - criticisms?

A
  • less focused on biological influences
  • some aspects difficult to test
  • overlooks ability to transform our enviros & ourselves
64
Q

bronfenbrenner’s bioeco model - application?

A

-policy?

65
Q

What do learning theories focus on?

A
  • role of external influences
  • importance of immediate enviro
  • same principles of learning across ages
66
Q

Who are three learning theorists?

A 
John Watson (behaviourism, classical) & BF Skinner (operant conditioning)
Bandura (observation, SCT, SLT)
67
Q

What would a time out be classified under in operant conditioning?

A

positive punishment

68
Q

Who is little albert? What kind of theory? What’s another example?

A
  • little albert -neutral stimulus was paired w/ negative stimulus until the neutral stimulus cause reaction of fear -ie white rat (neutral) was paired w/ loud noise -then albert was afraid of white rats &other white animals
  • classical conditioning
  • lactating @ playstation sound

Psych 315 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions