unit 5 vocab quiz 3

Question 1

creating spaces that feel good for people to live, work, and hang out in

Answer 1

placemaking

Question 2

a way people communicate, including spoken and written forms

Answer 2

language

Question 3

when a country extends its power over other countries through colonization, military force, or other means.

Answer 3

imperialism

Question 4

a group of languages that share a common ancestral language from a distant past.

Answer 4

language family

Question 5

a language given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction.

Answer 5

official language

Question 6

a language used for communication between people who do not share a native language. It’s often used in trade, business, and international relations.

Answer 6

lingua franca

Question 7

a regional variation of a language, characterized by distinct vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.

Answer 7

dialect

Question 8

a geographic boundary that separates different linguistic features. It marks the limits within which certain language features are used.

Answer 8

isogloss

Question 9

a large group of related languages spoken across Europe and parts of Asia. It includes languages like English, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi.

Answer 9

indo european

Question 10

languages that evolved from Latin, the language of the Roman Empire. They include Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, and Romanian.

Answer 10

romance language

Question 11

when two or more languages blend together due to close contact, creating a new language or altering the existing ones.

Answer 11

language convergence

Question 12

when a language splits into distinct dialects or new languages over time due to isolation or different social environments.

Answer 12

language divergence

Question 13

when speakers of different but related languages can understand each other without needing to learn the other language.

Answer 13

mutual intelligibility

Question 14

the method of using the vocabulary of an extinct language to re-create the language that preceded it.

Answer 14

deep reconstruction

Question 15

a stable, natural language that has developed from a mixture of different languages. It typically arises when speakers of different languages need to communicate and create a new, simplified language that eventually becomes more complex and stable over time.

Answer 15

creole language

Question 16

a country where multiple languages are spoken by the population.

Answer 16

multilingual state

Question 17

a set of sound change rules that explain the shifts in consonants between Proto-Indo-European and its descendant languages.

Answer 17

grimm’s law

Question 18

the Basque language spoken in the Basque Country, a region in Northern Spain and Southwestern France.

Answer 18

euskara

Question 19

a blend of Spanish and English, often spoken by bilingual communities. It involves mixing words and grammar from both languages in conversation.

Answer 19

spanglish

Question 20

the name given to a place. It can provide insights into the history, culture, and geography of that location.

Answer 20

toponym