Unit 5- Manifest Destiny and the Civil War Flashcards

1
Q

Manifest Destiny

A

The idea that the US was destined “by God” to spread westward.

  • US would expand its size
  • Added new territory and eliminated Native Americans
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2
Q

Mexican American War

A
  • War with Mexico over disputed territory

- US WINS! (Gains territory in the American Southwest)

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3
Q

Wilmot Proviso

A

Wilmot argued to make all new territory after Mexican American War “Free Territory”
- Favored poor white workers not opposed to slavery

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4
Q

Compromise of 1850

A

Compromise over slavery

  • California becomes a free State
  • Southerners get Fugitive Slave Act
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5
Q

California Gold Rush (49ers)

A

People flocked to California to find gold

- Led to California becoming a state

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6
Q

Oregon Trail

A

People moved west in Covered Wagons to start new lives in Oregon Territory

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7
Q

Free Soil Movement

A

Movement of people to make all new states new land “Free Land” opposed to slavery

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8
Q

Slavery as a Positive Good

A

Southern intellectual arguments supporting slavery

- Argued that Slavery was better for Negros than being free (clothing, housing, food, etc.)

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9
Q

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

A

Book published by Harriet Beecher Stowe

  • Exposed the horrors of Slavery
  • Increased calls for abolition
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10
Q

John Brown’s Raid

A

John Brown raided the military armory

- Goal was to give weapons to slaves and lead an armed slave revolt

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11
Q

Underground Railroad

A

Network of abolitionists that helped runaway slaves flee to the north

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12
Q

Fugitive Slave Act

A

Law required Northern States to return runaway slaves to their Masters in the South

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13
Q

Abolition Movement

A

Movement to end Slavery

- Led by Frederick Douglas and William Lloyd Garrison

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14
Q

Kansas-Nebraska Act

A

Act that allowed new territories (Kansas and Nebraska) to vote if they wanted Slavery or not
- Led to Violence because both groups were fighting for control

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15
Q

Bleeding Kansas

A

Mini war between Pro-slavery advocates and Free Soilers in Kansas over the decision of Slavery in Kansas.

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16
Q

Dred Scott Decision (Dred Scott v. Sandford)

A

Supreme Court case that ruled that Slaves could not sue for citizenship because they are considered property (even in a free state)
- increased tensions between North and South

17
Q

Republican Party

A

Political Party that combined the Free Soil Party with the Whig Party
- Became popular in the 1850s (anti-slavery platform)

18
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A

16th President (Republican)

  • Election led to the Civil War
  • Anti-Slavery
19
Q

Election of 1860

A
  • Abraham Lincoln is elected President

- Southern States secede as a result - afraid Lincoln would end slavery

20
Q

Civil War

A

War between the South (Confederate States) and the United States (North)
- North wins the Civil War

21
Q

Emancipation Proclamation

A

Law ending slavery in slave states (many had seceded)

- Strengthened the Northern effort during the war

22
Q

Reconstruction

A

Time period of massive change after the Civil War (1865-1877)

  • New Laws and protection for African Americans
  • Education
  • Etc.
23
Q

Radical Republicans

A
  • Republican Congressmen from the North that wanted to punish the South for the Civil War
  • Sent the military to enforce new laws and protect former slaves
24
Q

13th Amendment

A

Ended Slavery (Free)

25
Q

14th Amendment

A

Created Citizenship protections for Former Slaves (Citizens)

26
Q

15th Amendment

A

Gave Black men the right to vote (Vote)

27
Q

Reconstruction Act of 1867

A

Law the created guidelines for and financed reconstruction

  • Freedmen’s Bureau
  • Military Occupation
  • Created guidelines for southern states to follow
28
Q

Freedmen’s Bureau

A

Organization that helped former slaves find housing, jobs, etc.
- Created education opportunities (HBCUs)

29
Q

Carpetbaggers

A

Northerners who moved to the south to aid African Americans or to profit from reconstruction

30
Q

Scalawags

A

Southerners who helped African Americans during Reconstruction

31
Q

Sharecropping

A

Contracts (by former slave owners) that employed former slaves on plantations.

  • often abused labor
  • a legal form of slavery (was difficult to get out of)
32
Q

Black codes

A

Laws passed in Southern states that limited the freedoms and opportunities for African Americans

33
Q

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

A

Organization that developed during reconstruction to abuse or intimidate former slaves

34
Q

Jim Crow Laws (era)

A

Laws that enforced segregation, happened after reconstruction ended (no more military protection)

35
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

Supreme Court case said Segregation is LEGAL

- “Separate but equal”

36
Q

Compromise of 1877

A
  • Officially ended Reconstruction
  • Hayes wins the Presidency (Republican)
  • Government has to pull the military out of the South and allow southern states to govern themselves.