Unit 5- Manifest Destiny and the Civil War

Question 1

Manifest Destiny

Answer 1

The idea that the US was destined “by God” to spread westward.

• US would expand its size
• Added new territory and eliminated Native Americans

Question 2

Mexican American War

Answer 2

• War with Mexico over disputed territory

- US WINS! (Gains territory in the American Southwest)

Question 3

Wilmot Proviso

Answer 3

Wilmot argued to make all new territory after Mexican American War “Free Territory”
- Favored poor white workers not opposed to slavery

Question 4

Compromise of 1850

Answer 4

Compromise over slavery

• California becomes a free State
• Southerners get Fugitive Slave Act

Question 5

California Gold Rush (49ers)

Answer 5

People flocked to California to find gold

- Led to California becoming a state

Question 6

Oregon Trail

Answer 6

People moved west in Covered Wagons to start new lives in Oregon Territory

Question 7

Free Soil Movement

Answer 7

Movement of people to make all new states new land “Free Land” opposed to slavery

Question 8

Slavery as a Positive Good

Answer 8

Southern intellectual arguments supporting slavery

- Argued that Slavery was better for Negros than being free (clothing, housing, food, etc.)

Question 9

Uncle Tom’s Cabin

Answer 9

Book published by Harriet Beecher Stowe

• Exposed the horrors of Slavery
• Increased calls for abolition

Question 10

John Brown’s Raid

Answer 10

John Brown raided the military armory

- Goal was to give weapons to slaves and lead an armed slave revolt

Question 11

Underground Railroad

Answer 11

Network of abolitionists that helped runaway slaves flee to the north

Question 12

Fugitive Slave Act

Answer 12

Law required Northern States to return runaway slaves to their Masters in the South

Question 13

Abolition Movement

Answer 13

Movement to end Slavery

- Led by Frederick Douglas and William Lloyd Garrison

Question 14

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Answer 14

Act that allowed new territories (Kansas and Nebraska) to vote if they wanted Slavery or not
- Led to Violence because both groups were fighting for control

Question 15

Bleeding Kansas

Answer 15

Mini war between Pro-slavery advocates and Free Soilers in Kansas over the decision of Slavery in Kansas.

Question 16

Dred Scott Decision (Dred Scott v. Sandford)

Answer 16

Supreme Court case that ruled that Slaves could not sue for citizenship because they are considered property (even in a free state)
- increased tensions between North and South

Question 17

Republican Party

Answer 17

Political Party that combined the Free Soil Party with the Whig Party
- Became popular in the 1850s (anti-slavery platform)

Question 18

Abraham Lincoln

Answer 18

16th President (Republican)

• Election led to the Civil War
• Anti-Slavery

Question 19

Election of 1860

Answer 19

• Abraham Lincoln is elected President

- Southern States secede as a result - afraid Lincoln would end slavery

Question 20

Civil War

Answer 20

War between the South (Confederate States) and the United States (North)
- North wins the Civil War

Question 21

Emancipation Proclamation

Answer 21

Law ending slavery in slave states (many had seceded)

- Strengthened the Northern effort during the war

Question 22

Reconstruction

Answer 22

Time period of massive change after the Civil War (1865-1877)

• New Laws and protection for African Americans
• Education
• Etc.

Question 23

Radical Republicans

Answer 23

• Republican Congressmen from the North that wanted to punish the South for the Civil War
• Sent the military to enforce new laws and protect former slaves

Question 24

13th Amendment

Answer 24

Ended Slavery (Free)

Question 25

14th Amendment

Answer 25

Created Citizenship protections for Former Slaves (Citizens)

Question 26

15th Amendment

Answer 26

Gave Black men the right to vote (Vote)

Question 27

Reconstruction Act of 1867

Answer 27

Law the created guidelines for and financed reconstruction - Freedmen's Bureau - Military Occupation - Created guidelines for southern states to follow

Question 28

Freedmen's Bureau

Answer 28

Organization that helped former slaves find housing, jobs, etc. - Created education opportunities (HBCUs)

Question 29

Carpetbaggers

Answer 29

Northerners who moved to the south to aid African Americans or to profit from reconstruction

Question 30

Scalawags

Answer 30

Southerners who helped African Americans during Reconstruction

Question 31

Sharecropping

Answer 31

Contracts (by former slave owners) that employed former slaves on plantations. - often abused labor - a legal form of slavery (was difficult to get out of)

Question 32

Black codes

Answer 32

Laws passed in Southern states that limited the freedoms and opportunities for African Americans

Question 33

Ku Klux Klan (KKK)

Answer 33

Organization that developed during reconstruction to abuse or intimidate former slaves

Question 34

Jim Crow Laws (era)

Answer 34

Laws that enforced segregation, happened after reconstruction ended (no more military protection)

Question 35

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 35

Supreme Court case said Segregation is LEGAL | - "Separate but equal"

Question 36

Compromise of 1877

Answer 36

- Officially ended Reconstruction - Hayes wins the Presidency (Republican) - Government has to pull the military out of the South and allow southern states to govern themselves.