Unit 1/2 Early Colonization

Question 1

Encomienda System

Answer 1

Spanish hierarchy system in the new world

• Enslaved Native Americans
• Meant to protect and teach Christianity

Question 2

Columbian Exchange

Answer 2

Exchange of resources, ideas, diseases between the new world and the old world

Question 3

Smallpox

Answer 3

Deadly old world disease. Killed millions of Native Americans

Question 4

Monarchy

Answer 4

form of government run by a King or Queen with absolute power

Question 5

Transatlantic Trade

Answer 5

Triangular trade between Americas, Europe, and Africa.

• Americas sent resources to Europe in exchange for manufactured good
• Europe sent good to Africa in exchange for slaves sent to the new world.

Question 6

Chattel Slavery

Answer 6

Brutal slavery where a person was deemed property (chattel)

Question 7

Mercantilism

Answer 7

Early economic system where wealth is created through trade. More goods to trade = more wealth

Question 8

Indentured Servitude

Answer 8

form of servitude practiced in the British Colonies. A person would sell their labor to a wealthier individual in exchange for travel and accommodations.
- After agreed time period person would then become free

Question 9

Puritans

Answer 9

Religious group from England, established the New England colonies to flee from persecution in Britain.

Question 10

John Winthrop

Answer 10

• Leader of the Puritans

- Gave the “City on a Hill” speech about honoring God and establishing the colonies as a model for the rest of the world

Question 11

Pueblo Revolt

Answer 11

Native American uprising against Spain.

Question 12

New England Colonies

Answer 12

• Religious (centered around church)
• Community based
• Created wealth through Trade posts (Harsh Winters)
• Subsistence farmers

Question 13

Chesapeake Colonies

Answer 13

• Individualistic
• Goal was to build wealth
• Great soil and long growing seasons led to plantations
• Grew Cash crops (Tobacco, Sugar Cane, Cotton)

Question 14

Middle Colonies

Answer 14

• Diverse (people from all over Europe)
• Religious freedom/tolerance
• Small Grain farms
• Established larger trad posts (New York City

Question 15

Primogeniture

Answer 15

European system where the oldest son receives the entire families inheritance
- Forced younger siblings to pursue other opportunities

Question 16

Democracy

Answer 16

A form of government where people vote to determine laws

Question 17

Salutary Neglect

Answer 17

British governance of the colonies. Britain stayed out of the colonies and allowed them to govern themselves.

Question 18

Quakers

Answer 18

Pennsylvania religious group believed in nonviolence

Question 19

Stono Rebellion

Answer 19

Slave uprising in Georgia where slaves killed their masters and many white people in the community

Question 20

Bacon’s Rebellion

Answer 20

Uprising of poor indentured servants and slaves against the elites in Virginia. Meant to give slaves and indentured servants more rights
- Resulted in harsh slave codes

Question 21

Slave Codes

Answer 21

regulations regarding slaves

• Slaves could not learn to read or write
• Slaves were not allowed to leave plantations

Question 22

Metacom/King Phillip’s War

Answer 22

Native American uprising in New England to protest the unjust killing of Natives

Question 23

Cash Cropping/Plantations

Answer 23

Economic system in the south. Used large plantations to grow specific crops (tobacco, cotton, sugar cane) for profit.
- Often used cheap/slave labor