Unit 4- Market and Political Revolutions Flashcards
Era of Good Feelings
Time period during early 1800s where ONLY ONE political party existed (Democratic-Republicans)
- The country felt united after War of 1812, little division
Panic of 1819
First economic crisis in US History, trade stopped and mass unemployment (lasted about 2 years)
Missouri Compromise of 1820
- Missouri became a slave state, Maine became Free state to balance power
- Created a dividing line of slavery between North and South (36’30’’)
Thomas Jefferson
- 3rd President, Favored a smaller government
- Led the Democratic Republican party
- Eliminated national bank and placed an embargo on foreign goods.
- Expanded the country with the Louisiana Purchase
War of 1812
- War between US and Britain
- Established US as a naval power
- US wins
Monroe Doctrine
James Monroe created a doctrine that the US will stay out of European affairs in exchange, Europe will stay out of the Americas.
American System
A government system to support infrastructure. Had 3 goals
- Create a new National Bank
- Place tariffs on International goods
- Use tariffs to build roads, canals, and other infrastructure to make travel easier
Democratic Republicans
Political party during the Era of good feelings
- had a wide variety of views since there were no competing parties
Louisiana Purchase
Doubled the Size of the US
- US purchased Louisiana territory from France
Judicial Review
The Supreme Court can rule actions of the President and Congress as Unconstitutional
Marbury Vs. Madison
Supreme court case where the Supreme court first used Judicial review to rule a Presidential action unconstitutional
Election of 1800
Major political turning point in US history
- Power shifted from the Federalists to The Democratic Republicans
Market Revolution
Time period in the early 1800s where many new inventions were created
- Industrial Revolution in the US
Lowell System
System of factories in New England
- Produced textiles (clothing)
- often employed Women in the factories
Steam Engine
Invention that used steam to produce movement
- Made factories easier to run
- Created new forms of transportation (Train and Steamboat)
Telegraph
Technology that changed communication
- allowed people to communicate across long distances quickly
Cotton Gin
Invention that makes separating cotton easier
- allowed more time to be spent growing and picking cotton
- Caused a rise in slavery as slaves could not produce more cotton
Erie Canal
Man Made waterway that connected New York City to the Great Lakes
Temperance Movement
Movement started in the 1800s to eliminate alcohol
Election of 1824
Presidential election between 4 members of the Democratic-Republican party
- No candidate wins the election
- House Chooses John Quincy Adams even though Andrew Jackson had the most votes
Corrupt Bargain
House of Representatives chooses John Quincy Adams to be President even though Andrew Jackson had the most votes
- Caused Andrew Jackson to start his own political party (Democrats)
Andrew Jackson
- 7th President
- Democrat
- Used Power as President to control the country (like a King)
- Known for Vetoing 2nd Bank and Trail of Tears)
2nd National Bank
- Federal Bank created by the American System
- Vetoed by Andrew Jackson (eliminated the bank)
Indian Removal Act
Act signed by Jackson to eliminate all Native Americans in the South.
- Natives were forced to move from the South to Oklahoma
- Created more farmland for Plantation owners (increased slavery)
Trail of Tears
- Natives were forced (walked) to move from the South to Oklahoma
- Many Natives died in the journey
Whig Party
- Party the favors the North
- Favored industry and bigger government
- Supported tariffs and the banks
Democratic Party
- Party favors the South
- Supported a smaller government with less power
- mostly farmers and plantation owners
- Support Slavery
Nullification Crisis
Southern States refused to honor the Tariffs (Nullified them)
- Argued that the tariffs only benefitted the wealthy North
- Created the first issue over states rights
- Jackson forced South Caroline to pay the tariffs
Universal Male Suffrage
- All white men (regardless of social class) have the ability to vote
- men used to have to own property in order to vote
Seneca Falls Convention
- Women’s rights movement
- Wrote the Declaration of Sentiments to support equal treatment for women
Second Great Awakening
- Large Religious (Christian) movement during the 1800s
- Led to new progressive movements (Temperance, Women’s rights, Abolition)
Underground Railroad
Network of abolitionists that worked together to free slaves
- Helped slaves reach the North and Canada
Abolitionist Movement
Started in the early 1800s
- Movement to eliminate Slavery
- Led by Women and Former Slaves (Frederick Douglas)
