Unit 5 - Lesson 2: Cardiovascular & Hemotalogic Sytems Flashcards
A heart rate lower than 60 BPM
Bradycardia
A heart rate higher than 100 BPM
Tachycardia
The top two chambers of the heart that receive blood from other parts of the body
Atria
Bottom two chambers of the heart that supply purified blood to the other parts of the body; larger and thicker than atria
Ventricles
There are four main these in the heart that open and close to move blood in one direction between the heart chambers
Valves
The flow of blood through the heart, valves, and vessels to and from the body
Cardiac cycle
Period of heart relaxation; the flow of blood is passive and only due to gravity
Diastole
Period of heart contraction; the flow of blood is faster due to the force of contraction
Systole
Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
Arteries
Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart
Veins
Amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle of the heart per single heartbeat; normal valve is 60 to 80 mL per beat
Stroke volume
Number of heart contractions per minute, measured in beats per minute BPM
Heart rate
Volume of blood pumped by heart per minute; can be calculated by multiplying the stroke volume and the heart rate; normal value is 4 to 8 L
Cardiac output
Arteries and veins that carry blood to or away from the heart
Vessels
Disorganized or abnormal heartbeat or irregular heart rate
Dysrhythmias
Increased blood pressure over certain period of time; normal BP = 120/80 mmHg
Hypertension
Increase in cholesterol; typically LDL (Low density lipoproteins) > 100
Hyperlipidemia
Medications or agents that cause blood vessels to constrict
Vasoconstrictors
Medications or agents that cause blood vessels to dilate
Vasodilators
The measurement of the blood pressure during systole or the period of ventricle contraction; the highest exerted pressure on the arterial wall
Systolic blood pressure (SBP)
The measurement of blood pressure during diastole or relaxation; the lowest exerted pressure on the arterial wall
Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)
Arteries that supply oxygen rich blood to the heart itself
Coronary arteries
A lack of oxygen due to an obstruction significant enough to deprive heart muscles of oxygen
Ischemia
Chest pain that’s caused by ischemia or lack of oxygen
Angina
Occurs when a rupturing of plaque results in a blood clot in the coronary arteries
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
A condition in which complete obstruction of the coronary artery results in death of the heart muscle
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
The composition, formation, and transportation of blood; also, blood’s functions within the body
Hematologic system
A type of blood cell, also called red blood cells or RBCs
Erythrocytes
A type of blood cell; also called white blood cells or WBCs
Leukocytes
A type of blood cell; also called platelets
Thrombocytes
The liquid portion of blood
Plasma
The process of blood clotting
Coagulation
Formation of blood cells in the bone marrow
Hematopoiesis
Low levels of red blood cells in the blood
Anemia
A type of cancer that results in abnormal production of white blood cells
Leukemia
A platelet disorder characterized by an abnormally low level of platelets in the blood
Thrombocytopenia
A condition where neutrophil count is abnormally low in the blood
Neutropenia
Condition of having blood clots in deep veins, such as lower extremities
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
