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Medical Billing & Coding > Unit 5 - Lesson 2: Cardiovascular & Hemotalogic Sytems > Flashcards

Unit 5 - Lesson 2: Cardiovascular & Hemotalogic Sytems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

A heart rate lower than 60 BPM

A

Bradycardia

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2
Q

A heart rate higher than 100 BPM

A

Tachycardia

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3
Q

The top two chambers of the heart that receive blood from other parts of the body

A

Atria

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4
Q

Bottom two chambers of the heart that supply purified blood to the other parts of the body; larger and thicker than atria

A

Ventricles

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5
Q

There are four main these in the heart that open and close to move blood in one direction between the heart chambers

A

Valves

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6
Q

The flow of blood through the heart, valves, and vessels to and from the body

A

Cardiac cycle

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7
Q

Period of heart relaxation; the flow of blood is passive and only due to gravity

A

Diastole

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8
Q

Period of heart contraction; the flow of blood is faster due to the force of contraction

A

Systole

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9
Q

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

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10
Q

Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart

A

Veins

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11
Q

Amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle of the heart per single heartbeat; normal valve is 60 to 80 mL per beat

A

Stroke volume

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12
Q

Number of heart contractions per minute, measured in beats per minute BPM

A

Heart rate

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13
Q

Volume of blood pumped by heart per minute; can be calculated by multiplying the stroke volume and the heart rate; normal value is 4 to 8 L

A

Cardiac output

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14
Q

Arteries and veins that carry blood to or away from the heart

A

Vessels

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15
Q

Disorganized or abnormal heartbeat or irregular heart rate

A

Dysrhythmias

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16
Q

Increased blood pressure over certain period of time; normal BP = 120/80 mmHg

A

Hypertension

17
Q

Increase in cholesterol; typically LDL (Low density lipoproteins) > 100

A

Hyperlipidemia

18
Q

Medications or agents that cause blood vessels to constrict

A

Vasoconstrictors

19
Q

Medications or agents that cause blood vessels to dilate

A

Vasodilators

20
Q

The measurement of the blood pressure during systole or the period of ventricle contraction; the highest exerted pressure on the arterial wall

A

Systolic blood pressure (SBP)

21
Q

The measurement of blood pressure during diastole or relaxation; the lowest exerted pressure on the arterial wall

A

Diastolic blood pressure (DBP)

22
Q

Arteries that supply oxygen rich blood to the heart itself

A

Coronary arteries

23
Q

A lack of oxygen due to an obstruction significant enough to deprive heart muscles of oxygen

A

Ischemia

24
Q

Chest pain that’s caused by ischemia or lack of oxygen

A

Angina

25
Q

Occurs when a rupturing of plaque results in a blood clot in the coronary arteries

A

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)

26
Q

A condition in which complete obstruction of the coronary artery results in death of the heart muscle

A

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

27
Q

The composition, formation, and transportation of blood; also, blood’s functions within the body

A

Hematologic system

28
Q

A type of blood cell, also called red blood cells or RBCs

A

Erythrocytes

29
Q

A type of blood cell; also called white blood cells or WBCs

A

Leukocytes

30
Q

A type of blood cell; also called platelets

A

Thrombocytes

31
Q

The liquid portion of blood

A

Plasma

32
Q

The process of blood clotting

A

Coagulation

33
Q

Formation of blood cells in the bone marrow

A

Hematopoiesis

34
Q

Low levels of red blood cells in the blood

A

Anemia

35
Q

A type of cancer that results in abnormal production of white blood cells

A

Leukemia

36
Q

A platelet disorder characterized by an abnormally low level of platelets in the blood

A

Thrombocytopenia

37
Q

A condition where neutrophil count is abnormally low in the blood

A

Neutropenia

38
Q

Condition of having blood clots in deep veins, such as lower extremities

A

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

Medical Billing & Coding (16 decks)

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