Unit 5 HW V.

Question 1

Fine-grained sediment formed by the accumulation of windblown dust

Answer 1

loess

Question 2

Deep bay with steep walls

Answer 2

fjord

Question 3

sand ridge that forms at a right angle to wind direction

Answer 3

transverse dune

Question 4

region of shallow water between a barrier island and the shoreline

Answer 4

lagoon

Question 5

form of erosion in which fine, dry soil particles are blown away

Answer 5

deflation

Question 6

resistant rock formation that projects out from the shore

Answer 6

headland

Question 7

process by which wind moves sand along the ground

Answer 7

saltation

Question 8

area of shoreline made up of deposited sedimetn

Answer 8

beach

Question 9

bay in which salt water and fresh water mix

Answer 9

estuary

Question 10

rock smoothed by wind erosion

Answer 10

ventifact

Question 11

The process by which rocks break down as a result of chemical reactions

Answer 11

chemical weathering

Question 12

a process in which the materials of earth’s surface are loosened, dissolved, or worn away and transported from one place to another by a natural agent such as wind, water, ice, or gravity

Answer 12

erosion

Question 13

a vertical section of soil that shows the layers or horizons

Answer 13

soil profiles

Question 14

the process by which a metallic element combines with oxygen

Answer 14

oxidation

Question 15

the process by which softer, less weather-resistant rocks wear away at a faster rate than harder, more weather-resistant rocks do

Answer 15

differential weathering

Question 16

the elevation or slope of the land surface; influences the rate of weathering

Answer 16

topography

Question 17

the process by which rocks break down into smaller pieces by physical means

Answer 17

mechanical weathering

Question 18

the grinding and wearing away of rock surfaces through the mechanical action of other rock or sand particles

Answer 18

abrasion

Question 19

the slow, downslope flow of soil saturated with water in areas surrounding glaciers at high elevations

Answer 19

solifluction

Question 20

a horizontal layer of soil that can be distinguished from the layers above and below it

Answer 20

horizon

Question 21

water with high concentrations of dissolved minerals

Answer 21

hard water

Question 22

a large cave consisting of many smaller connecting chambers

Answer 22

cavern

Question 23

a circular depression that forms at the surface when rock dissolves, sediment is removed, or caves collapse

Answer 23

sinkhole

Question 24

topography formed on limestone characterized by caverns, sinkholes, and underground drainage

Answer 24

karst topography

Question 25

water beneath Earth's surface

Answer 25

groundwater

Question 26

a body of rock that stores and allows the flow of underground water

Answer 26

aquifer

Question 27

the percentage of the total volume of rock consisting of open spaces

Answer 27

porosity

Question 28

the upper surface of underground water

Answer 28

water table

Question 29

the sloping layer of permeable rock between two layers of impermeable rock that is exposed at the surface

Answer 29

artesian formation

Question 30

the ability of rock to let water flow through its open spaces

Answer 30

permeability

Question 31

a narrow glacier formed in a mountainous region

Answer 31

alpine glacier

Question 32

part of an ice sheet that moves over the ocean

Answer 32

ice shelf

Question 33

the circular motion of earth's axis over thousands of years

Answer 33

precession

Question 34

a large rock transported by a glacier from a distant source

Answer 34

erratic

Question 35

the process by which glaciers flow as ice gains deform under pressure and slide over each other

Answer 35

internal plastic flow

Question 36

a bowl-shaped depression formed by glacial erosion

Answer 36

cirque

Question 37

a long, winding ride of stratified drift deposited by meltwater flowing within a glacier

Answer 37

esker

Question 38

a large mass of moving ice

Answer 38

glacier

Question 39

an almost motionless mass of permanent sow and ice

Answer 39

snowfield

Question 40

a period of warmer climate during which glaciers retreat

Answer 40

interglacial period

Question 41

any form of water that falls to Earth's surface from the clouds, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail

Answer 41

precipitation

Question 42

change of state from a gas to a liquid

Answer 42

condensation

Question 43

the process of removing salt from ocean water

Answer 43

desalination

Question 44

an area along a river formed by sediments deposited when the river overflows its banks

Answer 44

floodplain

Question 45

the fan-shaped mass of rock material deposited by a stream on land where the slope decreases sharply

Answer 45

alluvial fan

Question 46

an area of land drained by a river system

Answer 46

watershed

Question 47

a fan-shaped mass of rock material deposited at the mouth of a stream

Answer 47

delta

Question 48

the volume of water moved by a stream in a given time period

Answer 48

discharge

Question 49

the total water loss from an area by evaporation and transpiration

Answer 49

evapotranspiration

Question 50

a stream that flows into a lake or into a larger stream

Answer 50

tributary