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Physical Geology > Unit 5 HW ?'s > Flashcards

Unit 5 HW ?'s Flashcards

1
Q

Which landforms are NOT typical in hot, dry climates?

A

round hills

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2
Q

Which of the following does NOT involve a chemical process that decomposes rock?

A

ice wedging

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3
Q

The layer of rock fragments that covers much of Earth’s surface is called….

A

regolith

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4
Q

Climates that have the fastest rates of weathering….

A

alternate between hot and cold

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5
Q

Which of the following is NOT a farming method that conserves soil?

A

crop dusting

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6
Q

The rock from which soil was weathered, and upon which the characteristics of soil mainly depend, is called…

A

parent rock

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7
Q

When a rock’s exposure to weathering agents increases…

A

the rock weathers faster

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8
Q

The various layers of soil-topsoil, subsoil, and bedrock can be viewed and studied through…

A

a soil profile

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9
Q

Soil characteristics of desert and arctic regions are..

A

thin and nutrient-poor

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10
Q

In which of these evets is gravity a factor in erosion?

A

slump

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11
Q

A river system begins to form in a given area when..

A

precipitation exceeds evapotranspiration

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12
Q

What happens over time as a stream’s channel erodes?

A

The stream becomes a river

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13
Q

When precipitation exceeds evapotranspiration and runoff,

A

soil becomes moist and flooding is possible

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14
Q

Which of the following factors affect the water budget?

A

temperature, vegetation, wind, and rainfall

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15
Q

Which of the following are stages of the water cycle?

A

evapotranspiration, condensation, precipitation

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16
Q

Why do people choose to live in floodplains?

A

there is access to fishing and the soil is rich

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17
Q

Which of the following is a method of water conservation?

A

enforcing conservation laws

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18
Q

Which of the following affect erosion caused by a river?

A

discharge and gradient

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19
Q

Which of the following is a direct method of flood control?

A

a dam

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20
Q

A lake forms when..

A

precipitation collects in a depression

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21
Q

Rock or sediment with low porosity is characterized by..

A

poorly sorted particles of different sizes

22
Q

Groundwater flows downward because of…

A

gravity

23
Q

The zone of aeration lies between Earth’s surface and the….

A

water table

24
Q

Weak acid formed by the passage of water through soil causes…

A

chemical weathering

25
Q

Two land features formed by hot groundwater are hot springs and…

A

geysers

26
Q

Two of the most important properties of aquifers that affects the flow of groundwater are porosity and…

A

permeability

27
Q

The depth of the water table depends on…

A

all of the above: surface topography, the permeability of the aquifer, the amount of rainfall

28
Q

A hole dug below the water level in order to bring water to the surface is called a(n)..

A

well

29
Q

What is a natural flow of water to the surface where the surface dips below the water table?

A

spring

30
Q

a sloping layer of permeable rock captured between two layers of impermeable rock is called a(n)..

A

artesian formation

31
Q

Which of the following features form when tension and compression build under the surface of a flowing glacier?

A

crevasses

32
Q

Ice in a glacier moves downslope in response to…

A

gravity

33
Q

Which of the following features is caused by erosion rather than by deposition?

A

horn

34
Q

A moraine is an example of a(n)…

A

unsorted glacial deposit

35
Q

Which of the following are needed to form a salt lake? (consider what would cause a build-up of the concentration of dissolved sediment)

A

rapid evaporation rates

36
Q

Cycles of partial melting and refreezing cause snow to change into grainy ice called…

A

firn

37
Q

What is till?

A

unsorted glacial drift

38
Q

Which of the following probably occurs before an ice age begins?

A

A rise in sea level

39
Q

Which of the following does the Milankovitch theory consider to be a factor in the cause of glacial periods?

A

small changes in Earth’s orbit, tilt, and precession

40
Q

Which of the following occurs when a glacier moves by basal slip?

A

deformed grains of ice slide over each other

41
Q

The feature formed when sea level rises or land sinks is called a(n)…

A

submergent coastline

42
Q

Rock particles that remain after deflation occurs often form..

A

desert pavement or stone pavement

43
Q

Which of the following is the result of wave erosion?

A

sea cliff

44
Q

During dune migration, sand moves over the dune crest and builds up on the…

A

slipface

45
Q

The abrasive action of waves that reduces rocks to small pebbles and sand grains is called..

A

mechanical weathering

46
Q

When an emergent coastline forms and it has a gentle slope, the coastline will feature…

A

long, wide beaches

47
Q

which of the following causes a change in absolute sea level?

A

movement of tectonic plates

48
Q

A longshore current produces sand deposits called..

A

spits and tombolos

49
Q

Coastal lands can be preserved by…

A

slowing development

50
Q

A sea cave forms when..

A

waves erode the base of a sea cliff

Physical Geology (10 decks)

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