Unit 5: Chemical Bonding Flashcards
What is a chemical bond?
a force of attraction between atoms or ions that share or transfer valence electrons.
What are energy levels?
Fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found.
What are orbitals?
A volume of space within an atom where an electron is most likely to be found.
What is an ionic bond?
The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. One atom gives up one or more electrons to the other atom, causing them to be positive and negative ions. Only occurs between a metal and a nonmetal.
What are covalent bonds?
The chemical bond between atoms that share one or more pairs of valence electrons.
What are metallic bonds?
Forces of attraction between positive ions and the valence electrons that are constantly moving around them.
What are the properties of ionic compounds?
Solids with high melting and boiling points, poor conductors as a solid, good conductors as a liquid, brittle and break easily.
What are cations?
Positively charged ions.
What are anions?
Negatively charged ions.
What is ionization energy?
The amount of energy used to remove an electron.
What is a chemical formula?
A notation that shows what elements a compound contains and the ratio of atoms or ions of the elements in the compound.
What is a molecule?
A neutral group of atoms that are joined together by one or more covalent bonds.
What does diatomic mean?
two atoms
What is single and double covalent bonding?
Single bonding is one pair of valence electrons shared between two atoms while double is two pairs of valence electrons shared.
What is electronegativity?
The name given to describe how strongly an atom “wants” electrons.
