Unit 4: Periodic Table

Question 1

Who is Dimitri Mendeleev?

Answer 1

He created the first periodic table in 1869.

Question 2

What is Periodic Law?

Answer 2

The chemical and physical properties of the elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers. The properties of elements follow a periodic or orderly, noticeable pattern of behavior.

Question 3

What is a period in the periodic table?

Answer 3

It’s one of the rows.

Question 4

What is a group in the periodic table?

Answer 4

It’s one of the columns.

Question 5

What basic groups are elements classified into?

Answer 5

Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.

Question 6

What is an atomic mass unit?

Answer 6

It’s a unit that is 1/12 the mass of carbon.

Question 7

What are metals?

Answer 7

Elements that are good conductors of electricity, solid at room temperature (except mercury), and most are malleable.

Question 8

What are some of the properties of metals?

Answer 8

Conduct electricity
Relatively high melting points
Conduct heat
Shiny
Ductile
Malleable

Question 9

What are nonmetals?

Answer 9

Elements that are poor conductors, with relatively low boiling points, good insulators, dull, brittle, solids or gases at room temperature.

Question 10

What are metalloids?

Answer 10

Elements that have some of the properties of metals and some of nonmetals.

Question 11

What are valence electrons?

Answer 11

Electrons that are in the highest occupied energy level of an atom. Maximum of 8 valence electrons.

Question 12

What are alkali metals?

Answer 12

Metals in group 1 or 1A. Soft silvery metals that are extremely reactive, will react with water, not found in their pure state in nature. Have a single valence electron. Low density, with decreasing density moving down the table.

Question 13

What are alkaline earth metals?

Answer 13

Metals in group 2A, not found in a pure state in nature, are slightly less reactive than alkali metals. 2 valence electrons.

Question 14

What are halogens?

Answer 14

Elements in 7A or 17, very reactive nonmetals, colorful, corrosive. Have 7 valence electrons.

Question 15

What are noble gases?

Answer 15

Elements in group 8A or 18, colorless, unreactive.

Question 16

What are transition metals?

Answer 16

All the elements in groups 3-12. They make up about 60% of all known elements, have an inner electron shell, are high in density, and are very hard. Between the left and right sides of the table.

Question 17

What is the boron group?

Answer 17

All the elements in group 13. Each has 3 valence electrons and are fairly reactive. All are solids at room temperature.

Question 18

What is the carbon group?

Answer 18

All the elements in group 14 with 4 valence electrons. All are solid at room temperature and aren’t very reactive.

Question 19

What is the nitrogen group?

Answer 19

All the elements in group 15. Each has five valence electrons.

Question 20

What is the oxygen group?

Answer 20

All the elements in group 16. They each have 6 valence electrons and are very reactive.

Question 21

What does monatomic mean?

Answer 21

Exists as single atoms.

Question 22

What does inert mean?

Answer 22

Very unreactive because their valence shell is full.